Mr. Barnes^ Section of the Canaan Mountain, fyc, 1 1 



They exhibit an uncommonly regular rhomboidal frac- 

 ture.(h) They effervesce briskly with acids, and give fire 

 freely with steel. 



By taking an offset of four miles JVoj'th, from the place 

 of our section, we discovered the stratum on which the lime- 

 stone rests. It is the Lebanon roofing slate, (i) which be- 

 ing of an excellent quality has been extensively wrought 

 and transported to this city. It is inclined to the East, at 

 an angle of about twenty degrees, and as it occupies the face 

 of a side hill, of the same inclination, it is easily quarried. 

 It is traversed at considerable distances by parallel seams of 

 white quartz. (i) The formation is so perfect that slates of 

 thirty square feet of surface, are frequently taken out, and 

 much larger tables might easily be raised if required. South- 

 east of this quarry, and distant about one mile, is the cele- 

 brated Lebanon Spring* in limestoneQ) which from its dip, 

 direction, inclination, structure, and geological position, ap- 

 pears to be the same as the rock of our section. . It ranges 

 north and south, and inclines to the east, with an angle of 

 twenty-five degrees, while all the other rocks, which I have 

 observed in the adjacent region, dip towards the south-east, 

 and range north-east and south-west. It was this remarka- 

 ble difference in the stratification, that first attracted partic- 

 ular attention to the insulated ridge under consideratiouw 

 The soil of the hmestone is good where it is of sufficient 

 depth, but throughout the greater part of this tract the rock 

 approaches too near the surface. 



The principal trees of this tract are beech, Fagus fer- 

 ruginea; sugar maple, Acer saccharinum ; dogwood, Acer 

 s/na^wm /(shrub) chesnut, Castanea Americana ; birch, J5e- 

 tula rubra; walnut, Juglans squamosa; butternut, Juglans 

 cinerea; ironwood, Ostrya virginica; witch hazle, Ham- 

 mamelis virginica; sassafras, Laurus sassafras. The viiis 



* The waters of this spring have been analyzed by Prof. Griscom, and 

 his analysis published in Bruce's American Mineralogical Journal, page 

 156. It has lately been discovered, that a soft friable substance resembling 

 Tufa, has been deposited from the water. On digging in the canal that 

 forms the outlet of the spring, and on which Tryon's Mill stands, this sub- 

 stance(v) was thrown out in considerable quantities. This deposit differs 

 from the high rock at Saratoga springs, (x) by its more uniform colour, by 

 being lighter, softer, more friable, and containing little or no iron, which 

 abounds in the Saratoga Rock. 



