Foreign Literature and Science^ 191 



university of Dorpat, presented the plan of this enterprise, 

 which began upon the meridian of the observatory of Dor- 

 pat, Lat. 56 N. It will be executed at the expense of the 

 university. The emperor has approved the plan, and has 

 given two thousand ducats to procure the requisite instru- 

 ments. Dr. Walbeck, astronomer at the observatory of 

 Abo, acts in concert Wtth professor Struve. 



38. Gymnastics. — The Gymnastic establishment of M. 

 Clias, in Switzerland, which has existed seven years, has 

 obtained complete success. There now exist in the differ- 

 ent cantons, fifteen gymnastic schools, well organized, an- 

 nexed to academies, or colleges, and directed by pupils of 

 M. C lias. A great number of boarding schools have also 

 adopted gymnastic exercises, because they begin to feel gen- 

 erally, the advantages of this part of education. 



39. Marseilles. — Mutual Instruction. — An evening school 

 has just been opened in this town, for the admission of a 

 great number of adult workmen. The minister of the in- 

 terior, with a view to encourage this philanthropic ob- 

 ject, has granted assistance to the founders of this school. 

 In many establishments, the evening hours of the society 

 are devoted to the elementary instruction of adults. The 

 friends of humanity will doubtless wish, that these examples 

 may find imitations in all parts of the kingdom. 



40. Zeal for antiquity. — The circular zodiac of the tem- 

 ple of Denderah, in Upper Egypt, one of the most cele- 

 brated, and ancient pieces of antiquity, in relation to 

 astronomy which the world can produce, has, with aston- 

 ishing address, and dexterity, been removed from the ele- 

 vated platform of the temple, conveyed to the Nile, floated 

 down the rivers to Alexandria, and transported to Marseilles, 

 whence it will be taken to Paris, to ornament probably, the 

 grand museum of the Louvre. It is a stone of about 10 

 feet square, attached to a mass of rock 2^ feet thick. 



41. Hospitals in France. — It appears by a recent work 

 of Baron Dupin, entitled " Histoire de I'administration des 

 secours publiques," that the number of individuals in the 

 hospitals, and alms-houses of France, is now about 90,000, 



