THE HAMILTON ASSOCIATION. 93 
measure an inch, but they increase in size until about twenty of them 
would measure an inch. A very conspicuous feature is a broad 
black wing pad on each side of the body. Fig. 2 shows the adult 
insect which strikingly resembles the Cicada in miniature ; it would 
take nine or ten of these placed end to end to measure an inch, and 
the hair line in each case by the side of the insect shows the 
natural size. The general color is crimson, with broad black bands 
across the abdomen. The legs have thickened femurs to aid the 
insect in leaping. 
Mr. Slingerland found, when examining Mr. Wright’s orchards 
in winter, hibernating broods of adults. They were hidden in crev- 
ices of large trees ; a favorite hiding-place on some trees was in the 
cavity of the bark about the scar of the severed limb. By April, 
1892, the larger part of the eggs had been deposited singly. These 
had been placed in the creases of the bark, or in old leaf scars, about 
the bases of the terminal buds of the preceding year’s growth. The 
eggs are small and shining, and of a light orange yellow color. 
A short stalk on the larger end attaches the egg to the bark, and a 
long, thread-like process projects from the other end. By the 18th 
May the most of these eggs are hatched out, and the minute nymph 
immediately seeks a suitable feeding place, where it sucks the sap 
with its short beak, a favorite place being in the axils of the leaf 
petioles and stems of the forming fruit. In about a month they are 
adults. The adult has strong legs and wings, and thus is able to 
move readily to distant orchards. 
To be forewarned is to be forearmed, and, therefore, the im- 
portance of making public at this time the methods of combating 
this pest, as laid down in Mr. Slingerland’s bulletin, is evident. 
None of the fluids applied seem to be destructive to the eggs, 
but the nymphs are found to be easily destroyed by kerosene emul- 
sion. The emulsion was prepared after the following formula :— 
One-half pound of hard or soft soap, one gallon of water and two 
gallons of kerosene. This was then diluted with twenty-five parts 
water, and in every case the nymphs were destroyed almost im- 
mediately after coming into contact with the liquid. The best time 
to spray for this nymph is early in spring, just after the leaves have 
expanded, probably, as a general rule, the two weeks succeeding the 
15th of May. If this is faithfully done, the pest will be completely 
checked for the season. 
