Geological Society of London. 105 
water-course, but after much labor, the covering of stone was success- 
fully removed, and the huge head now stands out with its two horns in 
relief, the nasal bones being projected in a free arch, and the molars 
on both sides of the jaw being singularly perfect. ‘This individual 
must have approached the elephant in size. ‘The genus Sivatherium, 
say the authors, is the more interesting, as helping to fill up the im- 
portant blank which has always intervened between the ruminant and 
pachydermatous quadrupeds, for it combines the teeth and horns of a 
ruminant, with the lip, face, and probably proboscis of a pachyderm. 
They also observe, that the extinct mammiferous genera of Cuvier 
were all confined to the Pachydermata, and no remarkable deviation 
‘from existing types had been noticed by him among fossil ruminants, 
whereas the Sivatherium holds a perfectly isolated position, like the 
giraffe and the camels, being widely remote from any other type. 
I have not space to enter upon the warm discussion which has aris- 
en in France between MM. Blainville and Geoffroy St. Hilaire re- 
specting the amount of analogy which exists between the Sivatherium 
and the Giraffe, but I observe with pleasure that in the course of that 
controversy those distinguished naturalists do justice to the zeal and 
talents displayed by our countrymen Captain Cautley and Dr. Fal- 
coner, and to the services which they have rendered to science. 
While these discoveries were made on the banks of the tributaries 
of the Indus and the Ganges, Mr. Darwin was employed in collecting 
the bones of large extinct mammalia, near the banks of the Rio Plata, 
in the Pampas of Buenos Ayres and in Patagonia. Mr. Owen has | 
enabled me to announce to you in a few words some of the most strik- 
ing results which he has obtained from his examination of the speci- 
mens liberally presented by Mr. Darwin to the College of Surgeons, 
and of which casts will soon be made for our own and other public 
museums. ° In the first place, besides a cranium with teeth of the 
Megatherium, Mr. Darwin has brought home portions of another an- 
imal as large as an ox, and allied to the Megatherium. Fragments 
of its armor are preserved, as well as its jaws, femur, and other bones. 
There is also a third creature of the order Edentata, and belonging 
to this same family of Dasypodide, in the shape of a gigantic Arma- 
dillo, as large as a Tapir. Of the ruminant order there is also a no 
less remarkable representative in the remains of a gigantic Llama from 
the plains of Patagonia, which must have been as large as a camel 
and with a longer neck: and lastly, of the Rodentia there is the cra-_ 
Vou. XX XITI.—No. 1. 14 
