126 Queries by the Geologists of the Survey of New York. 
Clays. 
. Are any beds of clay known in the vicinity ? 
. Are the beds extensive or of small magnitude ? 
. At what depth do they lie below the surface ? 
. What is the thickness of the bed or beds? 
What materials were observed in digging down to them? 
. Are the clays in thin layers which easily separate ? 
. Do the beds of clay alternate with beds of sand and gravel? 
. Are the layers of the beds of clay, gravel, or sand, inclined, 
or are they level or undulating ? 
9. What is the color of the clay? 
10. Is it mixed with sand or is it free of grit? 
11. When mixed with water, ore it form a tough and plastic 
mass, or does it crumble to a pap? | 
12. When heated red hot, does it become Tea brown, or white? 
13. 'To what useful purposes has it been applied ? 
14. What quantities are annually exported, and for what pur- 
poses ? 
15. Has it been tried as a manure on sandy soils? . 
16. Do balls, or flat rounded masses of a hard earthy ae 
DIANA We 
- occur in the clay? 
17. Are they arranged in layers parallel to the layers of clay ? 
18. Are they of the same materials as the clay? 
Water, Springs, &c. 
1. At what depth is water obtained ? 
2. What strata are passed through before reaching it ? 
3. Does clay, loam or rock, occur at the level of the springs? 
4. Is the water ‘“‘ hard” or “soft,” as these terms are usually em- 
ployed when speaking of water? 
5. Did the water percolate gradually mto the well aes first dug, 
or did it come in a strong stream? 
6. Have shells, bones, pieces of blackened or common wood, 
beds of marl, or of clay, been observed in digging wells or cellars, 
or by the caving down of cliffs or banks on the shore, or by the side 
of streams? 
7. Have mineral springs been discovered ? 
8. What is their taste? ‘sulphurous, inky, pungent, or saline ? 
9. Is there any sensible odor to the water? What is it like? 
