Queries by the Geologists of the Survey of New York. 131 
3. What rotation of crops is employed on the light, and what on 
the heavy soils ? 
4. Have changes of rotations of crops been tried, and with what 
success ? 
5. How are your manures prepared ? 
6. Does lime, or ashes, or marl, or gypsum, or barilla, enter into 
the composition of the compost heap ? 
7. Has salt, or nitre, or copperas peed tried in small quantity on 
the land as a manure? 
8. Has limestone, or any other rock been ground and used as a 
manure ? 
9. Do fish cause the production of as large a crop, when spread 
upon the soil, as when ploughed in fresh ? 
10. Has peat been rotted and tried as a manure ? 
11. Have harbor mud and pond-hole mud been tried ? 
12. Have clay soils been dressed with sand, sand soils with clay, 
and marshes with gravel or sand ? 
13. Are banks of shells known, except such as have been left by 
the Indians, and which are either superficial, or buried by a small 
depth of turf, drift sand, or earth washed over them, where the wa- 
ter flows ? 
Are there caves, land-slips, sink-holes, (formed by the sinking 
down of small tracts,) rocking stones, natural ice-houses, or curious 
or interesting natural phenomena of any kind that have come under 
your observation, not embraced in the preceding queries? 
Suggestions for collecting Geological Specimens, and observing 
Geological Phenomena. 
1. Collect specimens of all those rocks, earths, sands, clays, peats, 
marls and lignites observed, and note the relative quantities, whether 
abundant or rare. 
2. If any of these materials be applied to useful purposes, note 
their particular applications, the places where used, the amount of 
industry and capital employed, and the articles produced. 
3. If they be not used, note whether in your opinion any one or 
all may be usefully employed, and for what; and what facilities the 
adjacent country may present for manufacture or transport, or from 
its contiguity to a market. 
A. Note the order of superposition of the different beds of rock, 
earth, sand, clay, &c. with regard to each other ; the amount and di- 
