12 ME. GUT A. K. MAHSnALL ON THE [Jan. 19, 



accord with ordinary seasonal variation \ Its range is similar to 

 that of several of the TeracoU ; its stronghold is on the eastern 

 side of Africa, where it occurs from Abyssinia as far south as the 

 North-west Transvaal, but in the Southern Tropic it continues 

 westward to Damaraland. It does not seem to be anywhere very 

 plentiful. 



19. Teracolus protomedia. 



Poniia protomedia, Klug, Symb. Phys., Ins. pi. viii. figs. 13 & 14- 

 (1829). 



This handsome and distinct species seems to be wonderfully 

 stable in its colouring. It ranges from Arabia, through Somali- 

 land, Nubia, Dongola, and Equatorial East Africa to Madagascar. 



20. Teracolus vesta. 



Idmais vesta, Eeiche, Per. & Gal. Voy. Abys. pi. xxxi. iigs. 7 & 8 

 (1849). 



Teracolus amella, Lucas, Eev. Zool. p. 4o7 (1852). 



Teracolus velleda, Lucas, Eev. Zool. p. 428 (1852). 



Teracolus mutans, Butler, Ann. Mag. N. H. (4) xix. p. 459 (1877). 



Teracolus argillaceus, Butler, Ann. Mag. N. H. (4) xix. p. 459 

 (1877). 



Teracolus haningtonii, Butler, Ann. Mag. N. H. (o) xn. p. 104 



(1883). 



Teracolus catachrysops, Butler, Ann. Mag. N. H. (6) ii. p. 178 



(1888). 



Teracolus rhodesinus, Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 6(i3 (1893). 



Teracolus Upartitus, Eothschild, Nov. Zool. p. 537 (1894). 



Although this species is fairly stable in South Africa, it exhibits 

 many variations in the Central' North Tropical areas, but a careful 

 examination of them shows that they merge so gradually into 

 one another as to make it impossible to accord specitic rank to any 

 of them. T. mutaiis from Lake Nyasa and Njemps seems to me quite 

 inseparable from T. vesta ; and at the same time it varies so much 

 in the direction of T. catachrysops (Central East Africa), that the 

 female type of that form might equally well stand as T. mutans. 

 Again, theseries in Mr. Jackson's collection from East Africa shows 

 the impossibility of separating T. lianingtonii from T. catachrysops ; 

 and the more extreme specimens of this latter form merge right 

 into T. amelia, Luc, from Abyssinia and Senegal. T. rhodesinus, 

 Butl., founded on a single male from Lake Mweru, combines the 

 characters of T. haningtonii and mutans, and is probably an 

 intermediate seasonal form. Judging from the description of 

 T. hipartiius, Eoths., I cannot distinguish it from a female of 

 T. haningtonii, Butl., although the author associates it so closely 

 with T. cclimene, Luc. T. argillaceus, Butl., is the usual South- 

 African dry-season form of the species. 



Owing, therefore, to the intricate interrelation of all the above 



1 I have since seen the types of Mr. Trimen's Anthocharis phcenun {= pholoe, 

 Wallgr.), and I am satisfied that they are dry specimens of T. celimene, with 

 which opinion Mr. Trimen himself coincides. 



