1897.] BUTTEBFLIES OT THE GENUS TBKAOOLUS. 31 



Teracolus hero, Butler, p. 150, pL vi. fig. 12 (1876). 



Callosune d amarensis, Aurivillius, K. iSv. Vet.-Akad. rorhandl. 

 p. 46 (1879). 



Teracolus carteri, Butler, Ent. Mo. Mag. xviii. p. 227 (1882), 



Teracolus subvenosus, Butler, Ann. Mag. N. H. (5) xii. p. 105 

 (1883). 



Callosime haevernickl, Stauclinger, Exot. Schm. pi. xxiii. fig. 19 

 (1884). 



Teracolus fumidus, S\vinho9, Proc. Zool. Soc. p. 442, pi. xl. 

 tigs. 4, 5 (1884). 



Teracolus sipylus, $ (nee S ), Swinhoe, ibid. p. 445, pi. xl. fig. 12 

 (1884). 



Teracolus laura, E. M. Sharpe, Ann. Mag. N. H. (6) v. p. 441 

 (1890). 



This species occurs practically throughout South and Central 

 Africa as far north as Senegal on the west, and Abyssinia on the 

 east side. It exhibits very strong seasonal dimorphism and slight 

 local variation, and has consequently been much split up. 



In South Africa typical T. achine is the wet form, the normal dry 

 form being T. ignifer, Butl. ( = antevippe, Trim, [nee Boisd.]), and 

 this type of seasonal coloration probably holds good throughout 

 the greater part of its range ; but in the equatorial forest-belt 

 it is possible that the dry-season form is represented by the 

 T. antevippe of Boisduval, which differs from that of Trimen in 

 having the underside of hind wings pure white and without any 

 grey irroration. Specimens of this variation occur occasionally in 

 S. Africa as intermediate seasonal forms ; but it does not appear 

 to establish itself uytil near the Equator, and this offers a some- 

 what interesting parallel to the case of T. evippe, referred to above. 

 I append a few notes on- the variations of T. achine which have 

 been honoured with specific names. 



T. harmonides (Swaziland), ithonus (Swaziland), and haevernicJcii 

 (Transvaal) are all specimens of the normal S.-African winter 

 form (=ignifer. But!.), being differentiated on slight variation of 

 unstable seasonal markings. T. simplex represents the extreme 

 dry-season form, in which almost every trace of the black markings 

 above has disappeared ; it occurs on the inland plateaux of 

 S. Africa, and I have taken it sparingly in the Transvaal and 

 Mashunaland, finding at the same time eveiy gradation into the 

 normal dry form of T. achine, the females being quite indistin- 

 guishable. The single specimen in the British Museum is ticketed 

 " Durban, Natal," but I very much doubt the accuracy of the 

 record. T. damarensis, from Damaraland and Swaziland, is identical 

 with this form. T. Mppocrene is founded on dry-season specimens 

 in which the underside irroration has become obsolescent, thus 

 showing an approach to the summer form. T. zera, from Abyssinia, 

 Mt. Kenia, V. Nyanza, and Zululand, is an interesting inter- 

 mediate form in which the black borders of the upperside are 

 almost as well marked as in lighter specimens of typical T. achine, 

 and occasionally there is the faintest suspicion of the inner mar- 



