1897.] 



ON THE EYES OF THE ORDER PRIMATES. 



183 



No. 



triangularis, Wlsm 92 



triatomella 290 



trigonella G8 



tripunctata 1.30 



tristis, F. & R. = biferana, 



Wkr 159 



trossulella 29 



umbraticostella 2-57 



umbratipalpis 286 



undosa 240 



unicolor 221 



unipuncta 219 



uterella 272 



variolata 97 



venticola 210 



vicinitata, Mscid 204 



vincentana, Wlsru. = trans- 

 i'erranus, Wkr.+ 164 



No. 

 vincentanus, WIs}n. = trans- 

 fen-anus, JVkr.-\- 164 



■virididorsana, Mschl 170 



vitellus, Poey 294 



[walchiana, Cram. Sf Stall . 108] 

 *walchiana, Z. = griseana, 



F 108 



zoa/A:er/, Wlsra.=cafier, Z. . , 2 



walaingbami, Mschl 299 



[wceberiana, Schiff. (Enar- 



monia), p. 122. J 

 xanthnrrhoa, Z . = notatella, 



Wkr 84 



xylinella, Wkr 302 



*xylosteUa, Mschl. = crucifer- 



arum, Z. 153 



[zelleri, Wlsm. ^ Drnt 108] 



zingarella 70 



5. Observations on the Ophthalmoscopic Appearances of the 

 Eyes of the Order Primates. By Gr. Lindsay Johnson, 

 M.A.,M.D., F.R.C.S., F.Z.S. 



[Eeceived January 8, 1897.] 

 (Plates I1.-VI.) 



Adopting the classification given in Sir W. Plower's classical work 

 on the Mammals, I include in the order Primates : Man, Monkeys, 

 Marmosets, and the suborder Lemuroidea. I have found that a 

 comparison of the ophthalmoscopic appearances of the fundus 

 oculi of the various members of this most important order enables 

 us to arrive at certain definite conclusions, which I believe to be 

 of interest to zoologists. 



All the animals, including Man, were examined by me in a 

 darkened room with the same amount and the same kind of 

 illumination, and also with the same degree of magnification. 



Only animals in perfect health were selected, and, so far as 

 possible, several animals of the same species were examined in 

 order to preclude the possibility of abnormal fundi. Moreover, in 

 all cases both eyes were examined and ascertained to be similar in 

 all respects before a drawing -was made. As a further precaution, 

 each detail of the drawing as it was being painted by my artist, 

 Mr. Head, was confirmed by myself in the living eye, and altered 

 (if necessary) until it represented the original in all respects. 



As regards keeping the animals quiet, I found considerable 

 difficulty at first, but as my experience increased the difficulties 

 vanished. In no case was any drug or anaesthetic used, but in 

 the case of a few of the wilder Monkeys a net was thrown over 

 them. In all the other cases the animal was held gently by the 

 keeper in his lap. The animal rarely struggled, and usually became 



