3S0 BR. B. C. A. WINDLE IND ME. F. G. PARSONS ON THE [Apr. 6, 



attachments to the hyoid bone and anterior border of the scapula, 

 there is no central tendon as in Man, and in no case was any 

 connection with the clavicle noticed. Among the FelidsB it is 

 apparently never present ; it is certainly absent in F. leo (1, la), 

 F. tigris (3), F. pardus (4), F. catus (6, 7), and F. caracal (8), 

 while Eoss makes no mention of it in Cynadurus juhatus (IV.). 

 Among the Viverridse it is absent in Cryptoprocta (10), in 

 Viverra civefta (12, 13, 14), in V. malaccensis (15), in Genetta (17, 

 18), and in Herpestes (23, 24). Three specimens of Paradoxurus 

 typus were examined (19, 20, 21), in one of which (19) a slender 

 omo-hyoid was found though it was absent in the others. In 

 Proteles (25) it is absent. Among the Hysenidae it was found by 

 Meckel in H. striata (XXXIX.), but was absent in two other 

 specimens (26, 28) ; it is also wanting in H. crocuta (29). In the 

 Canidae it was absent in three Dogs dissected by Macalister (35, 

 36, & 41), and in one dissected by ourselves (31). Testut 

 (XXIII.) also describes it as wanting in the Dog. In the other 

 CanidsB of which we have records, no mention is made of it. In 

 the Ursidae it is present in U. maritinms (45) and in U. americanus 

 (48, 49, 50). In the Procyonidse it was not seen in P. lotor (53) 

 or Nama (58, 60, XXIII.), but was present in two specimens of 

 Ce^'coleptes (61, 62). In the MustelidsB it was found in GaUctis 

 vittata (63), Ictonyx zorilla (69), and /. libyca (70), feebly 

 developed in Melcs (71) and Mustda foina (68), well developed in 

 two specimens of Lutra vidgaHs (74, 79) (see fig. 4, p. 378) and in 

 Lutra cinerea (78). On the other hand, it is absent in Galietis 

 harbara (64). 



Prom previous experience of this muscle we are inclined to lay 

 a good deal of stress on its classificatory value ; this opinion our 

 study of the Carnivora confirms, since its presence is almost 

 confined to the Ursidse and Mustelidse, though it occasionally 

 occurs in other families. 



Omo-trachelian. — This muscle is most constant in the Carnivora ; 

 it always rises from the transverse process of the atlas and 

 runs backwards to be inserted into the acromion process of the 

 scapula close to the metacromial tubercle. In its course it is 

 pierced by several of the cervical nerves from which it receives its 

 supply. It always appears on the surface between the cervical 

 (cephalo-humeral) and anterior thoracic portions of the trapezius, 

 and hence is often described as piercing that muscle. It was 

 found in every recorded dissection of Carnivora except in Young's 

 specimen of Viverra civeita (VIII.) ; this, however, was evidently 

 abnormal, since Devis (X.), Macalister (IX.J, and Meckel 

 (XXXIX.) found it present in that animal. It will be readily 

 understood that this is the same muscle as the trachelo-acromial, 

 acromio-atlantal, and levator claviculae ' of other authors, xlfter 

 considerable thought we have preferi'ed the term " omo-trachelian" 

 as giviug the best description of the muscle throughout the Mam- 

 malia (see fig. 5, p. 381). 



'- Wiiidle has used " levator claviculae " for the cleido-masLoid. 



