386 DU. B. C. A. WINDLE ATCD MR. f. G. tARSOWS ON THE [Apr. 6, 



of the posterior thoracic spiues, usually from the 4th or 5th to 

 the last, from the lumbar aponeurosis, and sometimes from the 

 last three ribs. Xo muscular fibres can be traced to the ilium. 

 At its insertion it usually divides iuto two layers, the anterior of 

 which unites with the dorso-lateral panniculus to be inserted 

 deep to the pectoral into the pectoral ridge of the humerus ; 

 while the deep is more or less united \vith the tendon of the 

 teres major, though it is seldom twisted round that tendon as it 

 is in the Rodents and in Man. These two parts enclose the 

 biceps. In Ci/nn^lurus (9), Proojon (53, 54), Mustela putorlus 

 (65), and Litira (74) it rises from the last three ribs ; in Canis 

 (31) from the last two; in Viverra civetta (12), Geneita (18), 

 Proteles (25), Ilymia vrocuta (29), and H. hrunnea (30) it has no 

 attachment to the ribs. In the other animals, unfortunately, no 

 record has been kept as to whether it i-ose from ribs or not. 

 Pro'-yon cancnvorus (57) is remarkable for having the muscle 

 divided iuto an anterior and posterior part; the former, which is 

 the larger, joins the teres major and gives off the dorso-epitroch- 

 learis, while the latter joins the dorso-humeral panniculus and is 

 inserted with it deep to the pectoral. 



Dorso-epitrochlearis. — This muscle slio\\"s frequent variations in 

 its size and attachments; its usual origin, as in most other animals, 

 is from the latissimus dorsi just before the latter becomes tendi- 

 nous ; it then runs down the inner side of the triceps to be inserted 

 into the inner side of the olecranon process as well as iuto the 

 fascia of the forearm (see fig. 8, p. 390). It is supplied by the 

 musculo-spiral nerve. In the Cat, Mivart (I.) describes two 

 muscles which he calls external and internal, the foi-mer rising 

 from the spine of the scapula, the latter from the surface of the 

 liitissimus dorsi; these unite before their insertion. Straus- 

 Durckheim, in his work on the Cat (II.), only records the internal 

 of these. In one specimen of Paradoxarus (19) the muscle rose 

 from a sling over the axillary vessels reaching from the latissimus 

 dorsi to the biceps. In Ursus americanus Shepherd (XX.) describes 

 it as rising from the axillary border of the scapula as well as from 

 the surface of the latissimus, and says that it receives slips from 

 the panniculus and teres major. Macalister describes two muscles 

 in GaUvtis harbara (IX.), but one of them is evidently a structure to 

 which w^e shall have to call attention under the head of the triceps. 



Rhomhoids. — Instead of the rhomboidcus major and minor of 

 human anatomy we find in the Carnivora one plane of muscle 

 rising from the curved line of the occipital bone and the liga- 

 mentum nuchse, the rhomboideus anterior, and another rising from 

 the spines of the anterior thoracic vertebrae, which it would be 

 convenient to speak of as the rhomdoideus posterior. The insertion 

 is into the vertebral border of the scapula. Occasionally the 

 posterior edge of the r. anterior is continuous with the anterior 

 edge of the posterior, but more often there is a distinct interval 

 between them. It is usual for many writers to speak of only that 

 part of the muscle which is attached to the skull as a rhomboideus 



