1S97.] MYOLOGY OF XIIK TEKKKSTKIAL CABSIVOaA. 399 



this. Krause' also does uot notice tjie centralis iu the dog. 

 Among the Ursidae, AVindle notices the absence of tlie condylo- 

 ulnaris in Ursus americanus (48), while in two other specimens ot 

 the same animal (49, 52) only one condylar origin is described. 

 In the ProcjouidsB all five heads were found in Procyon lotor (53), 

 P. cancrivorus (a" ), Xasua >■?</« (XLV.), and Cercoleptes {ijl). In 

 Perrin's specimen oE VerolepUs (62) the centralis was not noticed. 

 In the MnstelidfB all five heads were present in Mustela jputorius 

 (XLV.), Ictonyx zorilla (69), Meles (XLV.), Lutra vulgaris (XLV., 

 74), and L. cinerea (78), while in Galictis vittata (63) and, 

 apparently, 3L jjutorius (65) the centralis was absent ^ 



From the foregoing details it will be seen that in the Carnivora 

 it is usual to Hnd all five origins of the flexor profundus digitoruni, 

 that the condylo-centrahs is the part most frequently missing, and, 

 after that, the condylo-ulnaris. The two specimens of Hyjenidse 

 were the only animals in which the muscle did not send slips to 

 all five digits. 



Lumhricales. — As a rule there are four of these muscles, but 

 when there are less it seems that the one on the radial side 

 disappears first and the ulnar one next. In the following animals 

 four muscles were found: — Felis catus (6), Viven-a civetta (12), 

 Genetta (16), Herpestes (24), Hycena striata (27), H. crocuta (29), 

 Ursus marititnus (45), U. americanus (49), Procyon lotor (53), 

 ^^asva (60), Cercolejptes (61), Meles (71, 72), and Lvtra (76). In 

 the following there were three lumhricales : — V. civetta (13) (ulnar 

 one absent), Proteles . {2b), Canis familiaris (31) (radial absent), 

 Mustela putorius (65) (radial absent), Lutra vulgaris (79) (radial 

 absent), and L. cinerea (78) (radial absent). In Hycena striata 

 (26) and Ictonyx lihyca (70) only the two middle lumbricales were 

 present. 



Pronator quadratus. — This muscle is always present in the 

 Carnivora and is usually of considerable thickness when cut 

 through. The part nearest the carpus is always the thickest, 

 strongest, and most persistent. The muscle may extend for the 

 whole length of the bones or may only occupy a fraction of them 

 at their carpal ends. Among the Felidae the pronator quadratus 

 abnost always occupies the lower half of the forearm ; this is the 

 case in Fells leo (1), F. tigris (3, XXIII.), F. pardus (4), and 

 Fl catus (6). In Cyncelurus (9), however, it seems to occupy 

 rather more than half. In the Viverridse the muscle is very 

 vai-iable. In Cry ptoprocta (10) it is attached to the lower f . In 

 Herpestes nepalends (23), H. griseus (24), one specimen of Pa7-a- 

 (loxurus (19), and Viverricula malaccensis (15) it is present in the 

 lower half; in Genetta (16), Viverra civetta (12), and the second 

 specimen of Paradoxurus (20) in the lower third ; in V. civetta 

 (13) in the lower quarter. In Hemigalea Mivart (XI.) describes 



* 'Anat. des Kanincliens.' 



* It should, however, be borne in mind that the ccntrnlis is very easily 

 overlooked. 



