1897.J MYOLOGY OE THE TEEBESTRIAL CARNITOEA. 401 



pictus (44) Pagensteclier says that the " supinator brevis is absent, 

 as in the cat and dog "; in this instance supinator longus, not 

 brevis, must surely have been meant. There can, we think, be 

 little doubt that in the Canidae the muscle is usually absent. In 

 the Ursidse the supinator longus is very constantly present ; it is so 

 in four specimens of Ursits americamis (48, 49, 51, 52), and one of 

 CT. mantimus (45), of which we have records. In the Procyonidse 

 it is present in three specimens of Procyon lotnr (53, 54, 55), in 

 Nasua (60), and Cereoleptes (61). Among the Mustelidae it is pre- 

 sent in Galictis vittata (63), G. harhara (64), Mustela putorius (65), 

 M. foina (66). Ictonyx lihyca (70), and Meles taxus (71, 72). In 

 four specimens of Lutra vulgaris the musL-le was found to rise 

 from the humerus as far up as the neck (74, 75, 76, 77) : it was 

 also present in L. cinerea (78). 



To sum up, the supinator longus is present in ihe Felidfe with 

 the exception of Cyncelurus, the Viverridse, the Ursidse, the 

 Procyonidse, and the Mustelidae. It is usually absent in the 

 Hyaenidse with which Proteles agrees, and in the Canidas. 



Extensor carpi radialis lonyior and brevior. — The point on 

 which the greatest stress is laid in descriptions of these muscles is 

 as to whether tliey are completely separate or more or less blended 

 at their origin. We are not inclined to pay much attention to 

 this distinction, since it has frequently been our lot to find muscles, 

 apparently inseparable, separate easily w ith a little traction. The 

 origins of the muscles are the same as those described in human 

 anatomy, the longior rising from the supracondylar ridge, the 

 brevior from the condyle. The insertions are respectively into the 

 shafts of the metatarsal bones of the second and third digits. 

 The following are the only variations with which we have met : — 

 In Hyena striata (26, 27) the two tendons are united by a 

 transverse baud about the level of the wrist. In Lutra cinerea 

 the extensor carpi radialis lojigior divides, and one part is inserted 

 on each side of the base of the second metacarpal, the inner one 

 being connected by a trans vei'se slip with the tendon of the 

 extensor carpi radialis brevior. 



Extensor communis cligitorum. — This muscle rises from the back 

 of the external condyle, and is inserted into the middle and distal 

 phalanges of the second, third, fourth, and fifth digits ; on the 

 dorsum of the hand the tendons are connected by broad, thin vincula. 

 This insertion is most constant in all the Carnivora, the only 

 exceptions with which we have met being a dog (32) dissected by 

 Haughton, where the tendons are described as going chiefly to the 

 fourth and fifth digits, and our own specimen of Herpestes (24), 

 where the slip to the fifth digit was wanting. 



Extensor minimi cligiti. — This muscle rises from the external 

 condyle and, in the dorsum of the hand, usually divides into three 

 tendons which pass to the medius, annularis, and minimus, uniting 

 on the backs of the digits with the expansions of the extensor com- 

 munis. In the following animals tendons to these three digits were 

 present : — Felis tigris (3), F. catiis (6), Cryptoprocta (10, 11), Viverra 



