912 MR. H. n. BRINDLEY ON THE REGENERATION [Xov. 30, 



of the above-mentioned authors and those of Durieu \ Fredericq ", 

 PeyerimhofE ^, and Werner ^ may be referred to. More recently, 

 however, Griffini ', quoting the above in connection with cases 

 he has observed of apparent reproduction of appendages in 

 Gonipliocertis, Oedipoda, and Prices, concludes that, as is the case 

 in the Cursoria, reproduction may not improbably occur during 

 the post-embryonic development of the Saltatoria also. 



from these statements it appears that more extended observations 

 would show that among the Orthoptera alone the more immediate 

 effects of injury to a limb differ considerably in the several tribes 

 of the order. While in some genera a slight stimulus may bring 

 about immediate autotomy at a certain fixed place, in others little 

 or no autotomy is observable even when strong means of stimulation, 

 such as amputation of the more distal portions of a limb, are 

 employed, the injury in such cases being followed sometimes by 

 the eventual dropping away of certain portions of the remaining 

 stump, and sometimes by the retention of the entire stump. Again, 

 though the subject of autotomy necessarily bears a close relation to 

 that of reproduction of lost parts, there seems to be no direct 

 ratio between the degree of autotomy exhibited and the power of 

 reproduction possessed in any particular case. 



More or less parallel are the diverse results obtained from 

 mutilation of the limbs in different genera of Arachnida recorded 

 by Heineken ", Blackwall ', Parize *, and Fredericq ^ to whose 

 work fuller reference will be made later on in connection with 

 the phenomena of reproduction of the lost parts. 



Mortality in confinement. — About 25 "/o of the 833 mutilated 

 individuals died before accomplishing an ecdysis. Apparently this 

 mortality was not due to the injuries inflicted, for it was not 

 excessive in the period immediately following mutilation, but 

 occurred at a steady rate throughout the experiment. The animals 

 were kept in three glass-fronted boxes 24x8x10 inches in size, 

 and provided with narrow dark shelters imitating the crevices 

 haunted by Cockroaches when at large. The boxes remained 

 throughout the experiment in a room kept at a temperature of 

 16^ C. It is very possible that these arrangements reproduced the 

 natural habitats too imperfectly and that overcrowding, or want 



^ " Notes sur quelques Orthopteres," Petites Nouv. Entomol. 1876, no. 158. 



' Loe. cit. ; also ' La Lutte pour I'existence chez les Animaux Marins ' (Paris, 

 1889), p. 259. 



^ " Note sur Fatropliie des menibres chez les Orthopteres," Miscellanea 

 Entomologica, 189(1, iv. p. 70. 



* " SelbstTerstiimmeluug bei Heuschrecken," Zool. Anzeiger, 1892, Jahrg. xv. 

 p. .^8. 



" "Di un Prides fuherosvs anomalo," Boll, de Musei di Zool. ed Anat. Comp. 

 Torino, 1896, xi. no. 234 ; also "Di due Acrididi anomali," ilrid. xi. no. 256. 



" Lnc. cit. 



"^ "Report on some recent Researches into the Structure, Functions, and 

 Economy of the Araneidea made in Great Britain,'' Brit. Assoc. Rep. 1845, 

 p. 62. 



** " L'amputation reflexe des pattes des Crustaces," Rev. Scientifique, 1886, 

 ser. 3, xi. p. 379. ' Loc. cit. 



