1885.] DR. ST. G. MIVART ON THE ARCTOIDEA. 365 



subdivided, with a very large and very distinct internal cingulum, 

 \\hich rises into an obscure cusp at its postero-internal angle. 



The second and third inferior premolars are like those of Procyon 

 and Nasua. The fourth inferior premolar is a more simple tooth, 

 not only than in any Arctoid yet noticed, but than in any /Eluroid 

 and Cynoid, except it be a form in which that tooth is merely rudi- 

 mentary, as Proteles. The crown consists of a single cusp, with the 

 most minute indications of rudimentary ones in front and behind, 

 more so behind. The first lower true molar is like the same tooth 

 of Procyon, with a seniicircular addition to the talon, bearing three 

 tubercles. It is larger relatively than even the corresponding tooth 

 of Ailuropus. The second inferior molar, on the other hand, is a 

 small rounded tooth with a rather large external and rather small 

 internal cusp, with a talon which predominates externally, so as to 

 form a sort of second external cusp. 



The tongue is rather long and narrow. There are four circum- 

 vallate papillae on either side diverging from a single, more posterior 

 one. 



I could find no trace whatever of a lytta. 



The anal glands are normal, but, in addition, there is a very note- 

 worthy bilobed gland, which discharges its secretion into a median 

 pouch or sack, situated beneath the root of the tail, and lined with 

 stiff hairs. This subcaudal pouch is no homologue, though it may 

 be an analogue, of the perineal glands so often found in the Viver- 

 ridce. 



The external ear is short and rounded and inconspicuous. 



The brain has the anterior limb of the Sylvian gyrus the narrower. 

 The sagittal gyrus, on the contrary, expands very much forwards 

 and is very contorted, and has certain superficial linear depressions 

 on its more posterior part. The anterior part of the cerebrum is 

 very largely developed, the crucial sulcus being placed very far back. 

 There is a very small but very definite Ursine lozenge \ 



Arctonyx'^. — This pig-like Badger genus comprises only one cer- 

 tainly distinct species, which ranges fi-om the north end of Hiudostau 

 and Assam and Northern China. It is remarkable for its long 

 snout with a naked mobile termination, which is truncated and per- 

 forated by two large terminal nostrils. It is also noteworthy for the 

 combination of a soft under fur, with long bristly hairs inter- 

 spersed amongst it. The ears are very short and round and flat. 

 The eyes are small. It is carnivorous and nocturnal. 



There are 16 dorsal, 4 lumbar, 4 sacral, and 20 caudal vertebrae. 

 It has almost the relatively shortest lumbar region of any Carnivore, 

 the only shorter being those of Mellivora and Croeuta. It has the 

 relatively shortest metatarsus of any Carnivore, and the longest 

 palate, compared with the length of the cranium, of any Carnivore, 

 except Procyon. It has the narrowest brain-case, relatively, of any 

 Arctoid. 



' P. Z. S. 1869, p. 14. 



2 See F. Cuvier, Mamm. iii. p. 51 ; P. Z. S. 1865, p. 137 ; P. Z. S. 1869, 

 p. 12; Wagner's Suppl. ii. p. 186 ; Gervais, Mamm. ii. p. 104. 



