Rock Strata of the Cuyahoga. 49 



sediment disposing itself in this form while in a plastic state, instead 

 of being uniformly diffused through the whole mass of the sand, 

 leaving portions of the rock of a yellowish cast. In other places 

 which I noticed in the face of the cliffs, and also in masses which 

 had fallen at their feet, the iron had formed thin concentric and 

 curved lines, standing out from the rock in bold relief, presenting a 

 very singular appearance, and giving rise, in common observers, to 

 many crude conjectures and speculations as to their origin. 

 The whole deposit of red sandstone rock is 30 feet thick. 



9. Coarse conglomerate rock, like a fine pudding stone, made up 

 of small white pebbles and coarse gravel, all rounded and water- 

 worn. The cement of this deposit is more siliceous than that of 

 the upper bed, and constitutes a veiy hard compact rock, similar to 

 the Laurel and Greenbrier Mountain rock, used for mill stones. It 

 lies in beds often or fifteen feet in thickness, and in huge masses of 

 fallen fragments from the face of the cliffs, down to the water's edge, 

 above the clay slate, to be noticed presently. It shews ^ew if any 

 signs of fossil remains where I examined it, which was for half a 

 mile in extent. — 40 feet. 



10. Coarse brecciated rock, composed of the fragments of sharp 

 angular sandstone rock and pebbles, united by a brown ferruginous 

 cement. This deposit contains many fragments of fossil remains, 

 which, in the short period I had to examine them, appeared of 

 doubtful character : some much resemble bones. Owing to the 

 hardness of the breccia, and from their lying directly under the hard 

 conglomerate above, with numerous blocks before it, they are re- 

 moved with great difficulty. This stratum reposes on a thick bed 

 of clay slate, and has, with several of the other strata, been brought 

 to light by the cutting process of the waters in a long course of agq|. 

 It is accessible only by laborious approaches along the base of the 

 cliffs.— 2 feet. 



11. Light blue clay slate, containing some mica, very fissile. It 

 readily decomposes, and forms an abrupt sloping glacis down to the 

 water's edge. It contains a few vegetable and animal remains of 

 shells, of a very singular form, resembling Anomia. I have one or 

 two fine specimens from this deposit. It also contains, at short in- 

 tervals, concentric tabular masses of iron ore, several inches in thick- 

 ness. This deposit, although of great depth, was easily broken up 

 and removed by the rushing waters, and forms nearly half the height 

 of the falls. — 100 feet. 



Vol. XXXI.— No. 1. 7 



