56 Barrens. — White Sandstone Rock. — Tuscarawas County. 



tory, &;c. The machinery is moved by water, furnished in part by 

 the canal, and partly by the Tuscarawas, now become a large 

 stream, while just below the summit it is only a small brook. The 

 amount of wheat grown in this region, and sold at Massillon, is very 

 great ; from thence it passes to New York. Wool is also another 

 staple article of produce. Large flocks of fine wooled sheep were 

 brought here in the early settlement of the county, and have in- 

 creased greatly. 



Fossil Bones. — In excavating a mill race through a swamp, or a 

 wet prairie, near Massillon, a year or two since, some very large 

 bones and tusks of the mastodon were brought to light. 



Barrens. — Just below Massillon commences a series of extensive 

 plains, spreading over a space ten or twelve miles in length from 

 east to west, and five or six miles in width. These were covered 

 with a thin growth of oak timber, and were denominated barrens ; 

 but on cultivation they produce fine crops of wheat. The Tuscar- 

 awas has cut across these plains on their western end, and runs in a 

 valley of denudation, sunk about thirty feet below the level of the 

 general surface of the plains. Some of the lower levels are wet, 

 and filled with red cedar, black alder and the beautiful climbing mul- 

 tiflora rose, (Rosa rubifolia.) The tamarack disappears as the 

 country becomes more dry, and descends to the south. A few miles 

 below Massillon we passed Navarre and Bethlehem, both of them 

 flourishing villages on the borders of the canal. The progress of 

 improvement is astonishingly great through all this part of Ohio.- 



White Sandstone Rode. — A deposit of fine, white granular sand- 

 stone, makes its appearance here near the surface of the hills. It 

 is found in great purity, containing little else than silex, and is 

 used in the manufacture of white glass at Zanesville. An equiva- 

 lent rock is very prominent in that series of deposits, which make 

 their appearance on the tops and sides of the Laurel and Sewell 

 Mountains on the south and east borders of the great coal basin. 

 The mineral characters of this sandstone are similar to those of 

 the rock found in boring for salt water in the valley of the Muskin- 

 gum at the depth of six and eight hundred feet. I have specimens 

 from several of these borings, and from the places above named, 

 which are so similar as to suggest the possibility of their being por- 

 tions of an equivalent, if not the same, deposit. 



Tuscarawas County. -^Khoxxi 9, A. M., the boat crossed the 

 north line of Tuscarawas County. This is a rich and very fertile 



