Proceedings of the British Association. 341 



ance suggested the idea of a great rush of waters. — Mr. Conybeare 

 was perfectly willing to correct his opinion respecting the existence 

 of the remains of mammalia in the crag. He was of opinion that 

 the tertiary strata of America had not been sufficiently examined to 

 justify the conclusion that it did not contain remains of the masto- 

 don. He started a question — which of the species of mastodon 

 found in other countries did the British one resemble ? — Mr. Green- 

 ough mentioned, as a singular peculiarity of the diluvium of Nor- 

 folk, its containing large masses of chalk, which contain organic re- 

 mains differing in some respects from those of the chalk in situ. 

 The town of Cromer seemed to be built on an immense block of 

 chalk, contained in the diluvial formation. — Mr. Murchison dissented 

 from Mr. Greenough's opinion. He conceived the formation of 

 chalk was under the diluvium, and had been elevated and disrupted. 

 He had seen at Hazeborough large platforms of chalk laid bare after 

 a storm ; near that place were needle-shaped rocks of chalk, and at 

 Cromer the foundation of the town must rest on part of the same 

 mass. There were strong reasons for believing that the Norfolk di- 

 luvium contained recent shells only. Mr. Lonsdale, on examina- 

 tion, could discover no others. — Mr. Charlesworth mentioned, that 

 Dr. Beck considered the shells of the tertiary period to be extinct 

 species, and that at the formation of the Norfolk crag the climate 

 must have been very cold, like the Arctic regions. He considered 

 the diluvial formation to have been sufficiently searched to warrant 

 an opinion that it does not contain the remains of the mastodon. 

 Many singular organic remains have been found there, which have 

 been transported, as of saurians, which must have come from York- 

 shire. In alluding to the fact of shells similar to those of the crag 

 being found at Bridlington, he was informed by Mr. Sedgwick that 

 the formation at that place was probably part of the crag. 



A paper, by Mr. J. B. Bowman, was now read, on the Bone 

 Caves at Cefn, in Denbighshire. A description of these has been 

 already published in the Edinburgh J^ew Philosophical Journal. 

 The caves are in the carboniferous limestone. The roof of the 

 lower cave is covered with stalactites, which are often broken off or 

 blunted. The diluvium on the floor contains fragments of slate, 

 and the upper portion animal remains in great abundance. Among 

 these are some of a very minute size, and also elytra of beetles. A 

 Mack matter is also found, with veins of reddish clay. The bones 

 are often in fragments ; the teeth are somewhat worn ; sometimes 



