DR. TH. NEUMANN. 201 



the cylinder was turned, all the strangers seemed to 

 understand it, for they began to beg in their turn, mak- 

 ing all the sounds and gestures of famine, and when 

 these latter sounds were taken and compared with the 

 former, they resembled each other in every respect. 



In quite the same way the sound for ''drinking" was 

 uttered by the phonograph. Mr. Garner who tried the 

 experiment on a capuchin monkey, reports that that 

 monkey looked at him at first frowning as if he were 

 startled to find that such a human being could have 

 learned his language. Then he rose from his seat in the 

 cage, answered with the same word and came forward 

 out of the farthest corner toward the spot where Mr. Gar- 

 ner stood. As he still looked doubtful, the latter repeated 

 the word, whereupon the monkey replied again with the 

 identical word and brought him a little dish which was 

 in the cage, and into which water was usually poured 

 for drinking purposes. Mr. Garner put some water into 

 it, whereupon the monkey seemed satisfied. 



On many other occasions monkeys which are treated 

 to such phonographic recitals, show through their actions 

 that they recognize the sounds as the voices of one of 

 their tribe. They look at the horn in surprise, speak a 

 sound or two to it, glance around the room, and again 

 utter a couple of sounds, often apparently afraid. They 

 cautiously advance or retire, show grave suspicions about 

 the things they hear from the horn, and finally try to 

 keep away entirely, sometimes acting as though they do 

 not know whether to regard the whole performance as a 

 joke, or treat it as a grim and scientific fact. Their utter- 

 ances and actions are then exactly like those of a child 

 declaring with its voice that it is not afraid at all, and 

 yet betraying fear in every act. 



Several of Mr. Garner's experiments really sound like 

 fairy-tales, nevertheless they have been witnessed by 

 men of the highest scientific standing and greatest relia- 



157 



