DR. TH. NEUMANN. 207 



the sound waves and lowered the pitch to that of human 

 laughter, and found both to be identical in all respects 

 except volume. Then by taking a record of human 

 laughter at a very low rate of speed and increasing it to 

 a very high one, he simply shortened the sound-waves 

 and raised the pitch to that of the monkey, and found 

 that it was identical except in volume. 



A still more remarkable feat is the fact that a monkey 

 has learned the language of another tribe, as for instance 

 a capuchin acquiring two sounds which strictly belonged 

 to the tongue of the white-face, and another instance in 

 which a young white-face cebus acquired the capuchin 

 sound for food. The former simian, the white-face, of 

 rather more than average intelligence, lived in a cage 

 which stood on the same shelf and not far from another 

 one containing a little capuchin. Mr. Garner visited 

 the latter for many weeks, almost daily, and always sup- 

 plied him with food after requiring him to ask for it in 

 his own language. Having but little interest in the 

 white-face who was very shy, Mr. Garner rarely showed 

 him the slightest attention, until he observed that the 

 monkey, which could easily see through the open wire 

 partition between the two cages, tried to utter the capu- 

 chin sound for food which always secured for the other 

 one a banana or some nuts. Seeing that the capuchin 

 was always rewarded for uttering this sound, the little 

 white-face began to try it, and as soon as Mr. Garner 

 discovered his purpose, he began to reward him in the 

 same way, and thus saw one step taken by a monkey in 

 the mastery of another tongue. At first the little crea- 

 ture's effort was quite poor, and nobody could decide 

 what he meant, but practice soon developed in him great 

 proficiency, and now he speaks it almost as plainly as 

 the capuchin himself. 



On another occasion Mr. Garner was surprised to hear 

 a capuchin utter a sound which, to his knowledge, be- 



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