100 GYPSIES. 



is, in the Gferman, Zigeuner, in the East, Zingarri, in 

 Russia, Zigani, in Hungary, Ohingany, in Italy, Zin- 

 gari, in Portugal, Sigano, in French, Tsigane, in Persia, 

 Zingan, in the Punjab, TcJiangar, and is used under 

 these different forms by the people of most except the 

 English-speaking countries. The derivation of this word 

 is not agreed upon. An article in Blackwood^ s Maga- 

 zine (No. 99, p. 565) derives Zigeuner from old German 

 ziehegan, that is wanderer, and the great Romany Rai, 

 Charles G. Leland has derived it from the Gypsy words 

 clien {cTion), moon, and gan or Jean {Team), the sun, and 

 he gives a Turkish Gypsy myth to explain it, about the 

 sun and moon being a brother and sister with a criminal 

 passion for each other, who were once, on earth, chiefs 

 of the Gypsies' tribe. But in the face of a better deri- 

 vation ziehegan and chen-Jcan will have to go, and it 

 seems probable that Zingarri means simply the people 

 of Zind, or Scinde, that is, from the Indus river, the 

 ancient Zindhu. This very probable derivation makes 

 Zingarri a doublet of Hindu and Indian and is another 

 proof of the Indian origin of the race. In Spain the 

 Gypsies call themselves Zincali, which means " the black 

 men of Sinde," Tcdlo being black both in Gypsy and 

 Hindustani, and their language in some parts of Germany 

 is called ISinte. 



In Scandinavia they are called Tartars, being identified 

 with the Mongol hordes which overran eastern Europe, 

 and in Holland, heydens, heathen. The French use the 

 words Boliemiens, Mattois, Oueux (or Beggars) and 

 Cagoux and call their language Blesquin (Art. "Gypsies," 

 Amer. Encycl.). In England they were known as Egyp- 

 tians, of which Gypsie, Oipsie, is in English lands a 

 corruption as Gitano is in Spain. 



The theory that they came from Egypt also lead to the 

 Greek -Tt^^jrojs ,• Magyar P^arao nepeJc (Pharaoh's peo- 

 ple), and Turkish Fdrdwni, by which names they are 



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