FREDERICK S. ARNOLD. 123 



dently derived from Greek onxc^. Among the words the 

 Romanies borrowed in Greece were the numerals Tiefta, 

 seven; oJcto, eight, and enea, nine, still used in Turkey and 

 Hungary. These are all, except oMo, forgotten here, 

 and oMo only lives as Milder. The authorities give Msh 

 as Gypsy for twenty. Our Romanies have forgotten this 

 and have blindly taken their old word for eight and used 

 it to express first an indefinite large number, then a score, 

 then twenty. 



The fact that the numerals given above are the only 

 ones the Gypsies retain is quite curious. These numer- 

 als have evidently been kept to count money with. 

 They need to beg for yek^ dui, trin^ sJitar oras, or pen- 

 nies, and to trade with as many Ills or dollars. As we 

 have a five cent piece and a five dollar bill they can say 

 pdnjors (five cents) and pa?7j III (five dollars), or a bar 

 (a pound). Desk is used in deshors (a ten cent piece), 

 desk III (ten dollars) and so forth, and TiuMer conve- 

 niently expresses a large number, being translatable by 

 score rather than by twenty. Hukter bar (literally, 

 twenty pounds) means a hundred dollars, a sura of 

 money so frequently referred to, it is convenient to have 

 a Romany word for it. In Eng^land there is a sixpence 

 and English Romanies know that shov means six, but as 

 our American currency does not make the word neces- 

 sary, it has been forgotten. 



It will be interesting to note here how words for En- 

 glish coins have been applied to American money. In 

 England ora means a penny, tringusM, a shilling, and 

 bar a pound. Here these words are retained, or for a 

 cent, tringusM for twenty-five cents, and bar for five 

 dollars. They call a dollar a Ul, which meant book, a 

 reference to our printed paper money. 



Of other than Sanskrit elements in Romany a few 

 examples must suffice. The Gypsies entered Europe 

 through Asia Minor and Greece and staying a good while 



ei 



