98 RUINED CASTLES IN ASIA MINOR. 
arena as allies of the Turks. But the name of Sinope 
will always be associated with this sudden and terrible 
disaster to the Turkish fleet. 
Half way from Sinope to Trebizond lies the small fish- 
ing town of Unieh. It is well known in ancient history 
as Cinde, and is not far from the celebrated Thermodon 
where the Amazons exhibited their charms and their 
valor. While on the other side of it lies the region 
filled with iron ore, which was worked by the Chalybes 
of old. This ore, after yielding an unwilling tribute to 
those old workmen, was cast aside as useless, but in 
these days it is being remelted and forced, by more 
modern but still very rude processes, to give forth still 
further treasure. The town of Unieh, though built 
partly on a bold promontory, boasts nothing within its 
limits in the way of a castle, but the traveler will be 
well rewarded fora pilgrimage of about three miles to 
the castle of the region. Just east of the town a small 
stream empties into the Black Sea. The valley which 
brings this stream down from the high mountain range 
runs back a considerable distance inland, and is beauti- 
fully diversified with cultivated field and shady grove. 
Right in the midst of it, about a league from the shore, 
stands a wonderful perpendicular rock rising five 
hundred feet of sheer precipice from the level of 
the valley. On and about the summit of this cliff 
is perched an old castle, the site of which ‘might 
make an eagle dizzy, and the construction of which 
must have been a herculean undertaking. The rear 
or landward side of this rock is connected with the 
mountain chain by a sort of neck on which a little 
village has tucked itself under the shelter of the fortress. 
But after you scramble up to this village you havea 
nearly perpendicular wall of over two hundred feet still 
above you, and the narrow foot path to the castle goes 
meandering about the face of the steep rock in a way 
