146 INTERPRETATION OF GENESIS. 
As to the animals of the Tertiary, the fishes, whales, 
birds and mammals, Prof. Dana, page 518 of his Manual, 
says: ‘‘ All the fishes, birds, reptiles and mammals are 
extinct species.”’ 
After this there were several—not many-—successive 
epochs. One in the Quaternary, contained a fauna of 
fishes, amphibians, or reptiles, mammals and birds. 
There were whales and seals. Most of the birds are still 
represented. Some however have died out very re- 
cently ; say within a century or less. Of the others, 
save the mammals, all kinds, so far as known, are still 
in existence. The mammals are nearly all extinct.’ 
Whether the whales are all extinct, I cannot say. Per- 
haps ‘‘ Tannim’’ should be rendered great sea mon- 
sters, or simply great fishes ; in any case they were great 
water vertebrates. 
Coming still farther down the record, we arrive at the 
last epoch, that which is characterized by the presence 
of living species of cattle, beasts and creeping things. 
In brief, then, we find many successives epochs, none 
of which contain the plants, or animals, named in» 
Genesis, but near the end of the long series, viz, in the 
Pliocene, Quaternary, and Present, we find in the first, 
a flora with grasses, herbs and fruit trees as of to- 
day, in the second, ‘‘a water, and an air population, 
and (in the third,) a land population” identical with 
those now living. 
Putting the two records side by side, we may more 
easily compare them. 
GENESIS. . GEOLOGY. 
Grasses, herbs and fruit trees are Grasses, herbs and fruit trees 
placed before the ‘‘living” crea- | appeared before living species of 
tures of water, air and land. | water, air and land animals.’ 
1 Page 335, Nicholson’s Ancient Life History. Also Dana’s Manual Geology, page 563, 
3d ed. 
2 Dana, Man. Geol. page 515. 
3O 
