258 Statement of Elevations in Wisconsin. 



a cask almost emptied, which had been kept entirely closed for 

 two and a half years, so that it had not changed at all to vinegar. 

 The apples produced on the rich alluvion of Deerfield, from 

 which this specimen was made, are usually of a rather inferior 

 quality. I have added the analysis of a single specimen of cur- 

 rant wine, partly to show the enormous quantity of solid matter. 

 This wine, although sweet and pleasant, was not clear, and does 

 not contain half as much alcohol as the specimen analyzed by 

 Brande. Probably it had lost some of its alcohol by long keep- 

 ing, or it was not skillfully prepared. 



Prof. Brande gives two averages of the strength of cider; the 

 highest, 987 per cent, of alcohol, and the lowest, 5-21 per cent. ; 

 the mean of which, as already stated, is 7*54 per cent. The 

 mean of the above seven analyses of New England cider, 

 by Gilpin's tables, which were employed by Brande, is 7-62. 

 From this result, I think we may safely infer that the cider 

 of New and Old England possesses about the same alcoholic 

 strength. 



It has been strongly maintained of late, "that sweet apples 

 will not yield strong cider," (Anti- Bacchus, p. 166,) nay, that 

 "it is impossible to obtain strong alcoholic cider out of very 

 sweet apples." {Ibid. p. 203.) I find, however, that the con- 

 trary of this is maintained by all the farmers and distillers with 

 whom T have conversed ; and the strongest specimens given in 

 my analyses were from sweet apples. This view appears to me 

 also to be most consonant to the principles of chemistry, provided 

 only that sweet apples contain a quantity of ferment correspond- 

 ing to that of the sugar. 



Art. V. — Statement of Elevations in Wisconsin; by I. A. 

 Lapham, of Milwaukee, Wis. 



In a late number of this Journal is an article by Charles Whit- 

 tlesey, Esqr., giving the elevation of various places in New York, 

 Pennsylvania, Ohio and Michigan ; and as it appears to be desira- 

 ble to publish additional observations of this kind, the following 

 are furnished for the purpose of extending the series through this 

 territory. Most of the following heights were ascertained by 

 the writer, in the explorations relative to the Milwaukee and 



