548 MR. G. A. BOULENGER ON LITTLE-KNOWN [May 5, 
The following papers were read :— 
1. On some little-known Batrachians from the Caucasus. 
By G. A. Bovuzenerr, F.R.S. 
[Received May 4, 1896.] 
(Plates XXI. & XXII.) 
Ten species of Batrachians have been recorded from the Caucasus, 
viz. Rana esculenta, L. (var. ridibunda, Pall.), R. macrocnemis, 
Bler., R. camerani, Blgr., Bufo viridis, Laur., B. vulgaris, Laur., 
Hyla arborea, L., Salamandra caucasica, Waga, Molge cristata, 
Laur. (var. karelinii, Strauch), M. vulgaris, L. (var. meridionalis, 
Bler.), and M, vittata, Gray. To these 10 species an important 
addition has recently been made: Pelodytes caucasicus, Blgr., the 
second species of a genus believed to be confined to Western 
Europe. 
Considerable material having reached the British Museum of 
late, chiefly through the kindness of Dr. G. Radde, Director of the 
Tiflis Museum, I am able to give detailed descriptions and figures 
of, or notes upon, five species which are still imperfectly known, 
viz. Rana macrocnemis, R. camerani, Pelodytes caucasicus, Sala- 
mandra caucasica, and Molge vittata. 
RANA MACROCNEMIS. 
Rana macrocnemis, Bouleng. Proc. Zool. Soc. 1885, p. 22, pl. iii., 
and Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1886, p. 596; Boettg. Ber. Senck. 
Ges. 1892, p. 136. 
This species was originally described from a single male specimen 
collected at Brusa, Asia Minor, by the late Baron von Maltzan. 
It has since been recorded from near Tiflis. The following de- 
scription is taken from three Tiflis specimens in the British Museum, 
viz. two from the Tortoise Lake, received from the Senckenberg 
Museum; the third from Rijut, 4200-4300 feet, presented by 
Hr. W. Wolterstorff, of Halle. As observed by Prof. Boettger, 
the snout is often more elongate than in the type from Brusa, 
approaching in shape that of Rana agilis, and the inner metatarsal 
tubercle a little shorter ; otherwise the agreement is complete. 
The vomerine teeth form two small oblique groups, close 
together, entirely behind the level of the choane. Head a little 
broader than long; snout rounded or obtusely acuminate, not 
prominent, with the lores rather oblique; nostrils nearly equally 
distant from the eyes and the end of the snout, the distance 
between them much greater than the interorbital width, which is 
also much less than the width of the upper eyelid ; tympanum one 
half to three fifths the diameter of the eye, from which it is rather 
remote. Fore limb very strong in the breeding male, just as in 
R. temporaria, and with the mner finger provided with a still 
stronger pad, which is not divided by a transverse groove. The 
first finger extends slightly, but distinctly beyond the second. 
