1896. | BATRACHIANS OF THE MALAY PENINSULA, 909 
“ Bull-frog” by the English in Singapore, and detested for the 
noise it makes at night. These rotund animals were common 
about Tanglin, and could be heard croaking in March and April 
(probably in other months also) every night after a rainy day. 
Their voice is very loud and can be heard from some distance ; 
the croak is a deep guttural “ wau-auhhbhk,” very strident and 
prolonged. The males croak while floating on the surface of the 
water, the mouth, head, and inflated sides of the body just above 
the surface, the single vocal sac under the mouth inflated like a 
globe and the arms and legs extended. They can hop well on 
land, and are good swimmers. The males are easily caught, their 
voice betraying their position in the dark, but I only obtained one 
female. Their skin is excessively slimy; when handled the slime 
comes off profusely, and dries into a sort of white gum, with a 
faint aromatic smell, not unpleasant. This gum dissolves in hot- 
water, and coagulates in cold. 
The general appearance of these Frogs is very stout, their girth 
being about twice the length from snout to vent. As observed by 
Cantor (p. 144), the profile from the snout to the vent forms a 
considerable arch, the highest part being the centre of the back. 
As Cantor also observes, ‘The toes are more slender than the 
fingers, and their last joint, although flattened, is not so broad as 
that of the fingers, which is of a somewhat triangular form, 
truncated in front.” The tongue, which is oblong in a spirit- 
specimen, in life is very elastic, assuming when extended a vermi- 
form shape and reaching about 40 mm. in length; this is probably 
for feeding on ants, as Stoliczka (J. A.S. B. 1870, p. 155) says of 
this species near Moulmein, “ It appeared after sunset. . . . crawling 
on old wood and feeding on white ants.” 
The pupil is round. 
Coloration (from lite, April 1896).—Top and sides of head yellow- 
ochre, shading to brown on the nose, and a brown band runs from 
the nose to below the eye, beneath the eye it turns dark brown, and 
in the vertical of the posterior margin of the eye or slightly further 
back ends abruptly. The upper lipis yellow-ochre. The back is a 
rich dark brown, divided distinctly from the yellow of the face by a 
narrow black line, from eye to eye; the upper part of the promi- 
nence over the eye being parti-coloured. In the female specimen 
there were ten or twelve irregular yellowish spots ou the back, and 
a very faint narrow black vertical line. A broad very distinct band 
of yellow-ochre runs from the eyelid to the inset of the hind leg, 
with a more or less scolloped outline and bordered above with black, 
also in some specimens bordered below anteriorly with black. The 
sides of the belly are more or less mottled with yellow and brown. 
The lower surfaces are dirty buff. The chin and throat in the 
male are black, and the vocal sac, when collapsed, shows as loose 
longitudinal folds of black skin under the chin. The limbs are 
grey, mottled with dark brown, and with more or less distinct 
patches of yellow-ochre, sometimes on the hind legs outlined with 
black. The intensity of the colouring varies with individuals and 
