Notice and Review of the Reliquae Diluvianae. 165 
od at which the bones of these extinct species were intro- 
duced into the cave ‘at Kirkdale, was antediluvian.— 
Al. bse : ) 
‘ It has been a favorite hypothesis with many naturalists, 
that the remains of extinct genera and species of the larger 
animals, such as the mammoth and megatherium, were 
drifted by the waters of the deluge from the southern cli- 
mates, where they lived; “‘ but the facts developed in this 
charnel-house of the antediluvian forests of Yorkshire, 
demonstrate that there was a long succession of years in 
which the elephant, rhinoceros and hippopotamus had 
been the prey of the hywnas, which, like themselves, in- 
habited England in the period immediately preceding the 
formation of the diluvian gravel; and if they inhabited 
this country, it follows as a corollary, that they also inhab- 
ited all those other regions of the northern hemisphere, in 
which similar bones have been found, under precisely the 
same circumstances, not mineralized, but simply in the 
state of grave bones imbedded in loam, or clay, or gravel, 
over a great part of northern Europe, as well as North- 
America and Siberia. The catastrophe producing this 
gravel appears to have been the last event that has opera- 
ted generally to modify the surface of the earth, and the 
few local and partial changes that have succeeded it, such 
as the formation of deltas, terraces, tufa, torrent-gravel and 
peat bogs. all conspire to show, that the period of their 
commencement was subsequent to that at which the dilu- 
vium was formed.”—p. 42. 
‘¢ It is in the highest degree curious to observe, that four 
of the genera of animals whose bones are thus widely dif- 
fused over the temperate, and even polar regions of the 
northern hemisphere, should at present exist only in tro- 
pical climates, and chiefly south of the equator; and that 
the only country in which the elephant, rhinoceros, hippo- 
potamus and hyena are now associated, is Southern Africa. 
In the immediate neighborhood of the Cape, they all live 
and die together, as they formerly did in Britain; whilst 
the hippopotamus is now confined exclusively to Africa, 
and the elephant, rhinoceros and hyzna are also diffused 
widely over the continent of Asia.” 
“To the question which here so naturally presents it- 
self, as to what might have been the climate of the north- 
