166 



GUIDEBOOK OF THE WESTERN UNITED STATES. 



The main industries of this locaUty are stock raising and ranching. A 



stage line runs from Elko to Tuscarora,* a mining camp 50 miles to 



the north. 



Indians are usually seen about Elko, Lovelock, Reno, and at other 



stations along the route. Several Indian reservations lie wholly or 

 partly in Nevada, and Indian schools are maintained at Carson and 

 near Fallon. Tlie Indian population of Nevada, about 5,000, con- 

 sists of Piutes, Shoshoncs, and the remnants of other tribes. 



For many years there has been much interest in the possibility of 

 finding oil in some of the Tertiary shales a few piilcs south and east 

 of Elko. Several wells have been drilled in this vicinity, but oil has 

 not been found in commercial quantity. Some oil appears to be 

 disseminated through these shales, but it is questionable whether 

 they contain anj^ oil pools. Similar shales in this country and abroad 

 have been made to yield oil by distillation, and this industry might 

 under favorable conditions be profitable here. Oil-bearing shales of 

 Tertiary age occur in other parts of the country, as in the Book 

 Cliffs of Colorado and Utah. 



Sandstone from the Tertiary beds near Elko has been used as a 



building stone, and there is a granite quarry some 30 miles to the 

 north. 



r 



A mile and a half west of Elko, south of the railroad and across 

 the river channel, is a group of buildings, including a hotel and bath 

 houses, that mark the position of the hot springs above mentioned. 



mam 



prings is well up on the lower slope, at the upper 

 edge of a terrace near the foot of the steep mountain front. Others 



These springs are prob- 



issue 



faultin 



mount am 

 mav owe 



block has been uplifted. Waters 

 their heat to the higher temperatures generally found with increase 

 in depth, to the fact that they have. passed through or near some 

 mass of intruded igneous rock, or to direct volcanic' action. Faults 



which there has been comparatively recent movement 



nmo«5 



found in many parts of the Great Basin 



springs 



Placer gold was found at Tuscarora in recent years most of the mines have been 



1867 and rich silver veins 'were discovered 

 several years later. In the seventies and 

 eighties a number of silver mines -were 

 opened, and for several years a larger pro- 

 duction was maintained. Most of the ore 

 was milled at Tuscarora, and only very 



product 



smelters 



estimated to hav 



000,000 and $40 

 obtained betw< 



In 



closed. 



Other camps of this general region are 

 Bullion and Lone Mountain, Bullion, 

 where the miiiing of ail ver and copper ores 

 began 40 years or more ago, became inac- 

 tive when the price of silver fell, but in 

 1911 mining was resumed," and during the 

 early part of 1914 ore was hauled by motor 

 trucks to Palisade. Lone Mountain, 28 

 miles north of Elko, shipped in 191S-14 

 some ore yielding copper and silver. 



