THE OVEELAND ROUTE OGDEN TO SAN FEANCISCO. 167 



w 



river. The Southern Pacific follows the upper edge of the meadow 

 north of the river; the Western Pacific keeps closer to the stream. 

 Avenel (elevation 5,021 feet), Moleen (4,982 feet), Tonka (4,958 

 feet), and Vivian (4,918 feet) are sidings or unimportant stations. 

 After nassinsr Moleen ("hetweon milonosts /S45 and R44'i th^ fmin mna 



own 



massive blue limestone. The railroad here is approximately parallel 

 with the trend or strike of the beds. At the entrance to Moleen 

 Canyon the track turns sharply to the northwest and within the 

 next mile or two passes a most interesting exposure of Carboniferous 

 limestones and quartzites. The hmestone is about 2,000 feet thick, 

 although not all the beds are exposed in continuous section. The 

 quartzite underlying the hmestone is in beds which stand nearly 

 vertical. The river here makes a sharp bend to the north, rounds 

 a ridge of the quartzite, and returns on an almost parallel course on 

 the other side. • The railroad passes through this ridge in a tunnel. 

 Beneath the quartzite on the south side of the river he slaty and 

 heavy blue hmestones, inclined 45° or 50° E., which extend aloinr 

 the south side of the valley as far west as Carhn. One of the shaly 



beds near the top of these lower hmestone beds contains *a httle 

 impure coal. 



Beyond Tonka there is a tunnel and the Southern Pacific and 



West 



The 



«/ CD ' 



valley again broadens as Carlin is approached. 



^ 



Just before reaching Carhn station the train passes an icing plant 

 where the ice boxes of refrigerator cars are replenished in summer. 



Some of the ice thus used is cut near by, in vats in 

 Carlin. which river water is allowed to freeze in winter, and 



Elevation 4,898 feet somc is shippcd from the Sierra Nevada. Carlin is 

 oSa1'J"48 mL. ^ railroad division point wit1i shops and engine houses. 



Tliere are some ranches in the vicinity, and several 

 mining camps along the east slope of the Cortez Range north of 

 Humboldt River and west of Carhn. None of the mines, however, 



more 



The 



rounded, indistinctly terraced hills, passing into a low rolling country 

 to the north. Beyond Tyrol (a sidetrack, elevation 4,876 feet) the 



ru 



on both sides. 



xxx\ 



dis 



room for more than the river and the railroads, hemmed in by the 



lava chffs 



consists 

 times. 



