THE OVERLAND ROUTE OGDEN TO SAN FRANCISCO, 



219 



(Chico) sandstone and shale. The rocks have a moderately steep 

 westward dip and trend almost dkectly across the course of the 

 railroad, so that as the train proceeds successively younger forma- 

 tions are crossed. At Eckley, a short distance beyond Port Costa, 

 brick is manufactured from the Cretaceous shale. At Crocket is a 

 large sugar refinery. Mare Island, across Carquinez Strait, is the 

 site of the United States navy yard, which^ however^ is not readily 

 discerned from tJiis point. The Cretaceous shales and sandstones 

 continue to VaUejo Junction and a little beyond. 



On the southeast side of San Pablo Bay, near the west end of 

 Carquinez Strait, there are wave-cut terraces and elevated deposits 

 of marine shells of species that are still living. These terraces and 

 deposits do not show south of San Pablo Bay, and therefore seem to 

 indicate the recent elevation of a block including only a portion of 

 the shore around the bay. This block probably includes the Berkeley 

 Hills and a considerable territory to the east, perhaps even extending 



to Suisun Bay. 



From VaUejo Junction a ferry plies to VaUejo (val-yay'ho), which 



is on the mainland opposite the navj" yard, and from which railroad 



lines extend into the rich Napa and Sonoma valleys. 



Vallejo Junction, g^^^^a Rosa, the home of the famous Luther Burbank, 



is in the Sonoma Valley. Vallejo was named from 

 Gen. Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo, who played a 



prominent part in the early history of Cahfornia. It was the capital 



of the State from 1851 to 1853. Beyond Vallejo Junction Carquinez 



Strait begins to open out into San Pablo Bay.^ 



Elevation 12 feet. 

 Omaha 1,754 miles. 



The 



Pablo Bay between VaUejo Junction and 

 Pinole (see figs. 19 and 20, on sheet 25, 

 p. 224) includes six of the most widespread 

 divisions of the sedimentary series in the 

 Coast Range region of California. The 



forma 

 Chico 



(Upper Cretaceous), Martinez, 



(Eocene), Monterey (eai'lier Miocene), 

 San Pablo (later Miocene), Pinole tuff 

 (Pliocene), and Pleistocene. The only 

 large divisions of the middle Coast Range 

 sequence not represented are the Fran- 



urassic 



within 



few miles to the east and south. 



In the San Pablo Bay section all the 

 formations below the Pleistocene are in- 

 cluded in a syncline, on the northeast 

 side of which the Sftrata are nearly verti- 

 cal, but on the southeast side the dip of 

 the beds is lower. The Pleistocene beds 



rest horizontally across the truncated 

 edges of the Miocene and Pliocene. The 

 aoro;reo:ate thickness of the sediments in 

 the San Pablo Bay section is not less than 

 8,000 feet. With the exception of the 

 Pliocene and a portion of the Pleistocene, 

 all the formations are of marine origin. 

 A portion of the Pinole tuff was certainly 

 deposited in fresh water. The Pleisto- 

 cene beds were deposited under varying 

 marine, estuarine, and fluvial conditions. 

 Fossil remains are found in all the for- 

 mations of the San Pablo Bay section, 

 and at least six distinct faunas are repre- 



sented. 



specmaens 



procured in the Chico near the line of the 



fossils are found 



miles 



east. 



Martinez fauna 



.^ ...e cliff opposite the Selby smelter. 

 The Monterey and the San Pablo con- 



remains 



The fresh 



