THE OYEELAXD EOUTE — OGDEiN* TO SAl^ FEAXCISCO. 229 



The cracks in the soil that mark the line of the last displacement 

 and the parallel ridges and valleys that show older displacements 

 along the fault zone are well displayed in Spring Valley; 13 miles 

 south of San FranciscOj and especially near Sldnner^s ranch, 40 miles 

 northwest of San Francisco. 



To reach Spring Valley the visitor should take the Southern Pacific 

 train to San Mateo (18 miles) , where a conveyance may be obtained 

 for a trip through Spring Valley along Crystal Spring and San An- 

 dreas lakes. 



Skinner's ranch can be reached by the ferry to Sausalito and the 

 Northwestern Pacific Railroad to Point Reyes station, from which 

 the ranch is only 2 miles distant, near Olema. In this region may be 

 seen best the earth cracks along the fault hne. Near the ranch house 

 there is striking evidence of the horizontal character of the movement 

 that produced the earthquake. The house formerly had two trees in 

 front of it. The fault line, which trends northwest, passes between 

 the trees and the house, and the trees were moved 15 feet to the 

 southeast with reference to the house. There was no perceptible ver- 

 tical movement nor any change in the water line along Tomales Bay. 



