OVEELAX 



) EOUTE COUNCIL BLUFFS TO OGDEN-. 89 



limestone), and red sandstone and shale (Woodside formation), all 

 probably of Lower Triassic age. Tlie purplisli-red sandstone layers 

 of tbe Ankareh are beautifully ripple marked. 



Still farther west appears the fossiliferous limestone of the Park 

 City formation, of Pennsylvanian or Permian age. In the lower part 

 of this formation are beds of black phosphate rock interstratified with 

 beds of shale and limestone. The trawler can see some old prospect 

 openings in the phosphate beds to the left, in the south wall of the 

 canyon, just before the train enters the tunnel. These beds are por- 

 tions of the great phosphate deposits of Utah, Idaho, Wyoming and 

 Montana, which form a large part of the nation's store of material 

 avadable for making phosphatic fertilizers. (See pp. 127-109 ) 



West of the phosphate beds is the Weber quartzite, a thick foima- 

 tion of Pennsylvanian age which, because of its superior hardness and 

 resistance to erosion, forms the crest of the Bear River Ranc^e Most 

 of the rounded quartzite bowlders and pebbles in the rcd'conclom- 

 erate of Echo Canyon and of the gorge east of Devils Slide^'were 

 derived from this formation. 



The river has cut a winding gorge through the quartzite, and two 

 of the projecting spurs of the craggy walls are pierced by short tun- 

 nels. At the eastern tuimel the strata, whicli farther east are nearly 

 vertical, are bent into a knee-shaped fold that brmgs the beds west 

 of the axis to an inclination of scarcely 15°. 



The second tunnel in the Weber quartzite opens on the west into 

 Round Valley, a chcular basin hollowed out by the river in the rela- 

 tively soft red sandstone and shale of lower Penns3dvanian age, known 

 as the Morgan formation, because of its occurrence near the to\\^l of 

 Morgan. These red beds are well exposed in the north wall of Round 



orricultural 



Mor. 



noted for the fine quality of the peas which are raised here. From 



Morgi 



Mot. 



carloads of 

 peas are shipped each year. The broad valley 



pipSn'S'"'- ^'^^^^^^ ^^^^^ this industry possible is due tp the 



'mal 



1 976 miles. prcscuce ot sott Tocks, in which the river has greatly 



widened its vaUoy while it was cuttmg the narrow 

 gorges in the hard rocks both east and west. These rocks once filled 

 a basin lying between the two ranges of the Wasatch Mountains. 

 East of Morgan rise the craggy slopes of the Bear River Range, 

 through which the train has just passed, and which attains an altitude 

 of 9,245 feet in Moimt Morgan, north of the town. To the west 

 be seen the rugged crest of the main range of the Wasatch Mountains, 

 which in this latitude consist enthelv of arranitic rocks of -Irchean 



may 



age 



contain remains of plants or animals. (See table on p. 2.) 



rocks 



