THE FOaOU AT HALLIQET, TEELO WARREN. 261 



to have collected all the material for the building of these 

 chambers. 



Some of the stones are of great size, and have been removed 

 and adjusted by powerful means. It appears therefore that 

 much importance was attached to those structures, and it seems 

 to have been necessary that they should be substantially built. 

 There can be no doubt that they were within the precincts of an 

 ancient Fort ; indeed, on the east and south-east of the mound, 

 two earthen embankments with an intervening ditch 10 yards 

 wide may still be traced (see Plate 1). No stones are used in 

 the formation of the camp, but about 150 yards south-west of it 

 is an ancient Well rudely built around, somewhat after the man- 

 ner of the Cave. 



Though the subterranean galleries at Trelowarren are by 

 far the most important in Cornwall, there exist other examples 

 of much interest. Those of Bolleit and Pendeen, in the Land's 

 End District, have been described by Borlase. The former was 

 enclosed within a triple entrenchment, and at St. Anthony, near 

 Trelowarren, a similar passage was connected with an ancient 

 camp. Polwhele mentions a third in a like situation in the 

 parish of St. Constantino. From the positions of others, how- 

 ever, it seems doubtful whether they could ever have been so 

 enclosed. It is well known that subterranean galleries of pre- 

 cisely the same character are found within the old forts or raths 

 of Ireland, and similar structures exist in Scotland. 



At Chapel Uny, in Sancreed, a parish west of Penzance, are 

 remains of a structure of this kind ; the principal passage 

 expands into a circular chamber, the roof of which has fallen, 

 but it was evidently dome-shaped and of what is termed the 

 bee-hive construction. At the supposed British village of Chy- 

 sauster, near Penzance, is a cave in which each course of stone 

 also overlaps that beneath. 



In all, it will be observed that whilst the principal galleries 

 are sufficiently high for a man to stand upright within them, the 

 doorways are extremely low and can only be entered by stooping — 

 in most instances by creeping on hands and knees. The average 

 height of those entrances is about 3 feet ; but at Bolleit the 

 outer one measures 4 feet 2 inches. The long galleries are 



