SHASTA EOUTE— SEATTLE TO SAN FEAXCISCO. 13 



of the routes just mentioned but are best seen southeast of Redmond, 

 where Snoqualmie River once entered Sammamish Lake. 



The United States navy yard and huge dry dock at Brtunerlon, 

 about 20 miles from Seattle, are easil}' reached by steamer across the 

 Sound. A trip to Hood Canal affords a close view of the densely 

 forested Olympic Mountains. The scenic center of this range is 

 Crescent Lake, reached from Seattle by steamer to Port Angeles; on 

 the Strait of Juan dc Fuca, and thence hy stage. West of Port Towti- 

 send lighthouse, which is passed on this trip, is a bold bluff; 175 feet 

 in height, of stratified glacial sand. Tertiary beds (rich in fossils at 



Clallam Bay) are well exposed on the southern shore of the Strait 

 . of Juan de Fuca. Crescent Lake contains ten varieties of trout, of 



which two are miknown elsewhere. Mount Ohnnpus^ 12 miles away, 

 . may be reached from this pouit with pack outfit. The mountain is a 



complex mass of metamorphic sandstone, shale, radiolarian cluTt, 



glaucophane schist, and greenstone cut by pcridotitc serpt^ntine, a 

 series of rocks closely resemblmg what is known as the Franciscan 

 group of the California Coast Ranges. 



Between Seattle and Portland trains arc operated by the Northern 

 Pacific Railway, Southern Pacific Co., Oregon-"Washington Railroad 

 & Navigation Co., Cliicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway, and Great 

 Northern Railway, the tracks of all these lines being near together. 

 The Shasta Route trains run over the Oregon- Washington and 

 Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul tracks from Seattle to Tacoma, and 

 over the Northern Pacific from Tacoma to Portland. 



On leaving Seattle the train first traverses made land, built out into 

 Puget Sound by washing glacial gravels through flumes from the 

 adjacent hills. A turn to the left/ 2.3 miles from Seattle, brings 

 into view a bluff of whitish shales and sandstones. These rocks 

 are exposed for only a short distance at this place, but a mile 

 farther south they reappear in a more prominent bluff just north of 

 Georgetown. 



These rocks, which were once sediments on a sea bottom, contain 

 abundant-fossil sea shells that indicate Tertiary (middle Oligocene) 



f /A ^ *^8®' ^^ exposure of the beds at this jdace is 



^* due to their having been arched up from their 



Elevation ^ feet. . . ,, , . ^ , , ,'. ^ mi • i 



Seattle 3 niiies, origmally horizontal attitude. Inis arch, or 



anticline, as geologists term it, maybe traced, as 

 show^l on the map, from Bainbridge Island southeastward to and 

 beyond Lake Washington. 



Some greenish rocks that form a bluff on the left are composed 

 largely of fragments of volcanic material- These beds are fossilif- 



track 



^ ITnless clearly otherwise intended, 

 the words right and left as used in this the engine in going from Seattle to San 

 bulletin refer to the sides of the railway j Francisco. 



