SHASTA EOUTE SEATTLE TO SAN FEAXCISCO. 61 



Scattered over Shasta Valley are many small kiioUs of lava and 

 tuff, wliich appear to be, in part at least, the products of minor 

 and local eruptions that broke through the Cretaceous beds, each 

 vent contributing its little pile of material. Such feeble and diffuse 

 volcanic activity is in marked contrast with the vigorous outbursts 

 that built up the great cone of Shasta. On the right (west) as Gazelle 

 is approached the ti'aveler may trace along the hills the nearly hori- 

 zontal hne of the Yreka ditch, completed in 1856 to bring water to 

 the rich placer mines near Yreka, but now used for irrigation near 



Gazelle. 



Shasta Valley is devoted chiefly to stock raising, and about 700 

 carloads of cattle are shipped annually from Gazelle station. In 



a valley on the right (west) , haK a mile beyond Gazelle, 

 Gazelle. jg exposed some gray limestone containing fossil 



Elevation 2,758 feet. shcUs of Devonian age. This and other fossil- 



Seattle 595 miles. ,. _. -ii • n-i -i 



bearmg limestones m the region atlord evidence 

 that strata of Paleozoic age lie under the Cretaceous rocks of Shasta 

 Valley and fonu the mountains to the west. These strata are cut 



by many bodies of intrusive rock. 



Crossing Shasta River the railroad leaves the dry plains and near 



Edgewood enters the wooded foothills northwest of 

 Edgewood. Mount Shasta. These hills are apparently composed 



Elevation 2,953 feet, in large part of morainal material left by some van- 

 I'^lffrm 'f'"* i^l^ed glacier. The road ascends Boles Creek to 



Weed 



Klamath Falls to Kkk 



Weed is within the forest belt of Mount Shasta. Here are large 



Weed 



sawm 



chiefly 



cut up about 125 carloads 



Elevation 3,465 feet, f^et of lumbcr. Much of tMs IS manufactured at 

 Seattle 608 miles, ^^^^ .^^^ ^^^^^ wiudow sashcs, and box shooks 



(boards cut to size, ready to be nailed). 

 On the left near tbe summit is Sugar Loaf (PI. XX, A, p. 62), a 



ible conical peak of solid lava (andesitc) without any frag- 



mental material whatever in its make-up. The 

 ih\n\r T^««tv Invn of whicli it is composed bulged up 



rem 



Summit. 



Elevation 3,905 feet, directly ovcF tho volcanic vent without explosive 

 Seattle on mnes. ^^.^p^^^j, rjr^^ audcsite of Sugar Loaf is remarkable 



for its prominent black crystals of the mineral hornblende. 



On the divide between Edgewood and Sisson is much loose stony 

 material that consists largely of fragments of lava known to have 

 come from the west slope of Mount Shasta. This deposit appears 



mor 



Its surface, 



moraines in sreneral, is hunm 



basin-hke hollows occupied by ponds or swamps. The western 



