106 GUIDEBOOK OF THE WESTERN UNITED STATES. 



the shore line crosses the contact between the Fernando and the 

 Monterey formations. Remnants of terraces are to be seen all 

 along here at different heights above sea level. The layers of the 

 Monterey shale, as a rule, are highly contorted and wide areas of 

 intricately crumpled shale are laid bare at low tide. In general the 

 beds dip to the south at fairly high angles. The canyons which 

 cut into the shale are sharp and steep sided and afford excellent 

 exposures of the rocks. 



At several places dark-colored oil sands are interbedded with the 

 shale. The saturation of these sands is so small and the structure 



ells 



between Pmita Gorda and Carpinteria. ' 



At Beuliam the railroad crosses Rincon Creek, which is here on 



Monterey shale, and traverses an alluvial plain for several miles. 



Benham ^ asphalt mine is plainly visible on the left side 



j^^ ' . of the track. Large quantities of this black asphalt- 



os Angelas 91 mues. g^j^j-^^j ^^^^ hnYQ been miucd out of the sea chff 



and the asphalt distilled from it in the old refinery near by. The 



shale (Monterey), from wliich the oil oozed into the 



mar 



form 



beds, is visible in the bottoms of the pits, and is also weU exposed 

 in several cuts ah)ng the track immediately south of the refinery. 

 One deep well has been drilled in the Monterev beds half a mile 



commercial 



Carpinteria (car-pin-tay-ree'ah, Spanish for carpenter shop) 

 was named m August, 1769, by Friar Juan Crespe and his companion 



pioneers, who found the Indians making dugouts. 

 arpui eria. jj^j.^ jg ^ wonderful grapevine, probablv as old as 



Elevation 3 feet. 

 Los 



in 



larger than anj- other Imown on the continent. Its 



enormous 



bcmg several times more than the yield of the famous vine at Hamp 

 ton Court, England, 



miles Avide along the hills back of ( 



Be- 



pinteria great quantities of _ 



yond this aUuvial terrace rises a sharp ridge composed of the Topatopa 

 and Sespe formations, dipping at angles from 60^ to 75° toward the 

 coast. These beds are cut by a pronounced fault on the north 

 side of the ridge. Still farther north, visible -from the train, is the 



mam Santa Barbara Range, which consists of a ^reat anticline 

 overturned to the sonth ^i 



t5 



formation and the overlying Sespe. The beds on the south side 

 of the range dip northward in consequence of this overturn. West 

 of Carpmteria the tciTace graduaUy narrows. A lagoon visible 

 on the left mdicates slight recent subsidence of the co^t 



