COAST LIXE — LOS ANGELES TO SAT^T FRANCISCO. 



107 



into the hills north 

 sandstones "and shales 



Topatopa and Sespe rocks extends to Toro 

 Sununerhmd. From this point it slopes off 



omerland 



are composed of red 

 ajid some interbeddod 



sands (Vaqueros), and the overlying diatomaceous shales with two 



interbedded 



of 



anic 



ash of the Monterey 



group, 



all 



dipping toward the coast at high angles. 



Summerland. once a nleasm'e 



Summerland. 



Elevation 5 feet. 

 Los Angeles 09 miles. 



cessfully invading the adjacent ocean bed and 



XX\ 



The sight 



of oil derricks on piere extending out into the ocean 



IS unique 



wells 



near shore to 1,200 feet at the end of the longest wharf/ 



At Summerland the Monterey group is overlain by the Fernando 



both dinninor toward the sea. A local anticline is devel- 



formation 



flanks 



area underlain by the seaward-dipping beds is located the Summer- 

 land oil field. The Fernando beds are overlain by coarse, nearly 

 horizontal beds of Pleistocene age which underlie the soil over the 

 whole Summerland-Carpinteria terrace. These beds are impregnated 

 with oil in the sea cliff in Summerland, and the productive beds of the 



Fprnfinrlrfc «T»a oleri oil-l^pnrincr vi-1i*^rp pxnospd alouor the SamC cliff. 



onformity 

 . of town. 



villaire 



wealth of flowei^s, is between Summerland and Santa Barbara. 



The land here slopes gradually up from the ocean 

 toward the foot of the range. This even slope is the 



alluvial deposit brought down by 



Miramar. 



Los Angeles 100 mUes. g^^face of an 



streams from the mountaint 



Such deposits at the mouths of 



5 know 

 hills s 



t> 



Mira 



o 



vicinity 



consist 



have been partly eroded away. The south face of these liiU^ 



of Monterey shale, dippmg steeply toward the north and behind 



them toward the mountains, are successivel y the Vaqueros and 



The greatest annual pro- 



& 



* The Summerland oil field was opened 

 in 1891 and was Boon completely drilled. 

 Only a few of the wellrf are now being 

 operated, and these produce an average 

 of about 2 barrels a day apiece. On 

 Dec. 31, 1912, the Summerland district 

 contained 152 producing wells, and the 

 production for that 



barrel 



In 1894 



year was 65,376 

 the prod action waa 



500 



was 208,370 barrels 



production 



from 1894 to 1913, inclusive, was 1,867,594 

 barrels. The oil is dark brown or black 

 and ranges in gravity from 9"* to 18° 

 Baum^. It is used principally for the 

 manufacture of asphalt, for fuel, or for 

 road dressing. 



