(113) 
are popularly termed “plants.” After the green seaweeds 
come the brown ones (cases 5 to 8), and here the largest 
kinds are included. In their tissues is found a brownish 
pigment which obscures their green coloring matter. To 
this group belong the widely distributed “‘gulf-weed” or 
““sargasso-weed” (Sargassum) and the gigantic “great 
kelp” of the Pacific Ocean, which sometimes attains a length 
of more than a hundred feet. The seaweeds culminate in 
the red algae, a group in which the plants show some shade 
of red, pink, or purple; these (cases 8 to 15) exhibit a 
marvelous range of form and color. The last group of 
cases containing this series is given to the group of red 
algae which are known as the corallines, on account of 
their outward resemblance to the corals. These plants 
are thoroughly permeated with lime and are often as hard 
and stone-like as any coral, and build up reefs in the tropi- 
cal oceans much as the corals do. 
The next great type of plant life is the fungi (cases 16 
to 40). These, like the plants of the preceding group, 
vary greatly in size and complexity of structure; but, 
unlike them, they are devoid of chlorophyl, the character- 
istic green matter which enables other plants to build up 
complex food for their nourishment, and consequently 
they are wholly different in their mode of life. Some are 
parasitic, deriving their nourishment from living plants 
and causing enormous damage to crops; others are sap- 
rophytic, deriving it from the remains of dead organisms; 
while others are symbiotic, living in such relationship with 
chlorophyl-bearing (green) plants that they mutually 
nourish one another, as in the case of mycorhizas. There 
are five generally recognized series here: First in order are 
the alga-like fungi (case 16, in part); these vary in form from 
simple masses of protoplasm to simple or branching threads. 
Here belong many of the moulds and similar forms which 
grow both on other plants and on animals. In case 16, 
also, have been installed specimens and illustrations of 
crown-gall, an abnormal growth which is caused by minute 
