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known as timothy, red-top, blue-grass, and orchard-grass. 
Such hays are made by cutting the plants when in bloom 
or early fruit, and drying entire. Another form of the same 
class consists of the plants of the grains, wheat, rye, oats, 
and corn, cut while young and dried. When dried after 
the removal of their grain, they constitute straw. The 
corn-plant, cut young, is often chopped up and stored 
fresh in pits and bins. Such fodder is called ensilage. 
The grains themselves, separated from the straw, are 
largely used for fodder. Illustrations of the second class 
are the plants of clover, vetch, lupine, meibomia, and peas, 
cut in a similar stage of growth and dried intohay. Fodders 
of this class are much more nutritious than the grass-hays, 
but are not so wholesome and must be fed sparingly, 
especially to horses. 
Tobaccos and Masticatories. Cases 41 to 44.—To- 
baccos are shown by a series of bundles of the cured leaves 
of the tobacco plants (species of Nicotiana) from different 
parts of America, and a series of articles as prepared for 
the market. Closely associated with tobacco are the 
masticatories or substances used for chewing. One of the 
most widely known forms is chewing gum, which is made 
by refining the crude chicle-gum, which is the hardened 
milky juice of the sapodilla and related plants. In rural 
districts the exudation of resin found on the bark of coni- 
fers is used for chewing while still in the crude condition, 
but this substance is now refined and sold in our larger 
cities just as is the now more commonly used chicle-gum. 
An adjacent series of cases is given over to: 
Beverages, including Chocolate. Cases 45 to 49.—Bever- 
ages are represented by both the non-alcoholic, as coffee, 
tea, maté or Paraguay-tea, Jersey-tea, and fruit-juices, 
and the alcoholic beverages, as wine, beer, ale, and porter. 
Of the beverages just cited, maté or Paraguay-tea is per- 
haps little known in the northern hemisphere. It comes 
from a small tree in Paraguay and adjacent regions, and is 
chiefly cultivated for the production of Paraguay-tea. 
