( 237) 
this is the Japanese red pine, and several horticultural 
forms of it, from Japan. Following these to the north are 
a number of plants of the Jack pine, or Banks’ pine, native 
of northern North America. Its wood is sometimes used 
for fuel, and was valued by the Indians for the frames of 
canoes. 
In the area to the eastward of the spruces are a number of 
other pines. The Corean pine, one of the white pines and 
a native of eastern Asia, is located next to the spruces. 
Near this is the Table-mountain pine. On the high ground 
to the eastward of the above is the Scotch pine, the princi- 
pal timber pine of Europe and Asiatic Russia. On the 
easterly slope of this higher land and on the lower ground 
nearby may be found, among others, the red or Canadian 
pine, from northeastern North America, the wood of which 
is largely used for building purposes and for masts, piles 
and spars; the small-flowered pine, another of the white 
pines and from Japan, where it is frequently used by the 
Japanese in producing their miniature trees; the Japanese 
black pine, also from Japan and useful for its wood; the 
Austrian pine, found native in Austria, Servia and Rou- 
mania, and the yellow, or bull, pine, from western North 
America. 
In the triangle located midway between the south gate 
and the conservatories, are the American cypresses (Taxo- 
dium), in two species: the cypress, or bald cypress, and the 
pond cypress. These, like the larches (Larix), and a few 
other coniferous trees, shed their leaves for a portion of the 
year. They form vast areas, in parts of the southern 
states, called cypress swamps. ‘Their timber is of economic 
importance and their bark is rich in tannin. None of the 
true cypresses (genus Cupressus) are hardy with us. 
At the northern end of the swale in which the herbaceous 
grounds are located, and to the westward of the morpholog- 
ic garden, is the collection of larches (Larix) and also the 
members of the yew family (Taxaceae). The larches are 
deciduous trees, the wood of which is of great economic 
