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and the former is also represented here by small trees. 
The pecan-nut (Hicoria Pecan), wild in the south central 
United States, is another nut of popular favor, as is also 
the big shag-bark, or king-nut, of the eastern United States. 
The water hickory, of the southeastern United States, and 
the bitter-nut or swamp hickory, of eastern North America, 
are both represented, while the common shag-bark hickory 
and the pig-nut grow elsewhere in the grounds. 
The birch family is located along the driveway, west 
and south of the stable, where birches, alders and horn- 
beams are planted; the European hornbeam is represented. 
The American hornbeam is common in Bronx Park, and 
the hop-hornbeam is occasional. Those desiring to study 
the birches (Betula) will find several species available; 
one of these is the yellow birch which grows wild in eastern 
North America, and is one of our most valuable timber 
trees; the wood, on account of its closeness of grain, strength 
and hardness, is suitable for many purposes. Another is 
the paper, or canoe, birch, of frequent occurrence in nor- 
thern North America: the wood of this is preferred to that 
of any other tree for the manufacture of spools, and is also 
used in the manufacture of shoe-lasts and pegs; the Indians 
also make use of its wood in the manufacture of sledges, 
and from its tough bark they also make canoes and baskets. 
The river or red birch may be seen here; it is frequent along 
streams and lakes in the eastern parts of the United States; 
its wood is used in the manufacture of furniture. The 
black, or sweet birch is in the collection and this and the 
poplar-leaved birch are wild elsewhere in the Garden. 
There is also the European white birch and some of its 
varieties, and the Alleghany birch and others. The alders 
are present in several species: the dye alder, of Japan, which 
becomes a large tree; the Japanese alder, also of Japan; the 
speckled, or hoary, alder, of north temperate regions; and 
the European tree alder. 
The area devoted to the beech family lies to the west- 
ward of that assigned to the birch family; the oaks, the 
