(44) 



this is the Table-mountain pine. On the high ground to the 

 eastward of the above is the Scotch pine, the principal timber 

 pine of Europe and Asiatic Russia. On the easterly slope 

 of this higher land and on the lower ground nearby may be 

 found, among others, the red or Canadian pine, from north- 

 eastern North America, the wood of which is largely used 

 for building purposes and for masts, piles and spars; the 

 small-flowered pine, another of the white pines and from 

 Japan, where it is frequently used by the Japanese in produc- 

 ing their miniature trees ; the Japanese black pine, also from 

 Japan and useful for its wood; the Austrian pine, found na- 

 tive in Austria, Servia and Roumania; and the yellow, or 

 bull, pine, from western North America. 



In the triangle located midway between the south gate and 

 the conservatories, are the American cypresses (Taxodium) , 

 in two species: the cypress, or bald cypress, and the pond 

 cypress. These, like the larches (Larix) , and a few other 

 coniferous trees, shed their leaves for a portion of the year. 

 They form vast areas, in parts of the southern states, called 

 cypress swamps. Their timber is of economic importance 

 and their bark is rich in tannin. None of the true cypresses 

 (genus Cupressus) are hardy with us. 



At the northern end of the swale in which the herbaceous 

 grounds are located, is a miscellaneous collection of con- 

 iferous trees, and also the members of the yew family (Tax- 

 aceae) . Among the miscellaneous coniferous trees here are : 

 the Japanese cedar, a tree which is barely hardy in this lati- 

 tude; the umbrella pine, from Japan, a very decorative plant; 

 the deodar, or Indian cedar, from the Himalayan region; 

 and the Mt. Atlas cedar, from northern Africa. The larches 

 {Larix) may also be found in this neighborhood, on the 

 ridge. These are deciduous trees, the wood of which is of 

 great economic importance. Specimens of the European 

 larch are here, and also of the Japanese larch. The genus 

 Pseudolarix, distinguished from the larches in having the 

 scales of the cones deciduous, is represented by its single 



