(98) 



to Minnesota. It is common in the Highlands of the 

 Hudson. Owing to its popularity for decorative planting it 

 has become the progenitor of at least fifty different horti- 

 cultural varieties. 



White Cedar Chamaecyparis thyoides 



The white cedar, a tree from 70 to 80 ft. in height, is the 

 swamp evergreen par excellence. It occurs from Maine to 

 Florida and often forms exclusive forests; it grows in many 

 parts of New Jersey. The horizontal branches which be- 

 come more erect near the top give to the tree a spire-like 

 conical shape. The branchlets are usually arranged in flat 

 fan-like clusters and thus give a very characteristic appear- 

 ance to the whole tree. 



As in the red cedar there are two kinds of leaves; those on 

 the young shoots are sharp-pointed, ridged on the back, and 

 spreading from the stem. But the greater number of the 

 leaves are pressed flat against the stem, are scarcely more than 

 y 2 inch long, and more scale-like than leaf-like. They turn 

 russet brown during the winter and may drop off the second 

 year but many of them cling to the branches for several 



Unlike the red cedar, this tree has cones that are truly 

 cone-like and not so compressed as to resemble berries. The 

 cones are scarcely more than y$ inch in diameter, almost 

 spherical, gray-green at first but subsequently bluish-purple or 

 reddish-brown. 



The wood of the white cedar is not nearly so fragrant as 

 that of the red cedar, but it is used in ship-building and for 

 a variety of construction purposes. 



Swamp Poplar Populus heterophylla 



The swamp poplar is common only in the southern part 

 of the Hudson Valley. A few trees are known to grow in 

 the Highlands but above this point it is rare. It grows plen- 

 tifully along the Atlantic seaboard as far south as Georgia, 

 and prefers moist or inundated situations. 



