The wood of the black willow is of little use except for 

 fuel. The tree is found usually at the edges of streams, and 

 grows plentifully from New Brunswick to Georgia and west- 

 ward. 



The weeping willow (Salix babylonica) is common in the 

 Hudson Valley. It is an Asiatic tree, however, and rarely 

 establishes itself as a wild element in our flora. 



The white willow (Salix alba) which is botanically re- 

 lated to the weeping willow, is a European tree that is as 

 much at home in this country as our native willows. It may 

 be distinguished from the black willow by its leaves, which 

 are whitish beneath. 



Butternut Juglans cinerea 



mally reaching a height of 

 The trunk is scarcely ever 

 continuous but divides about the middle and spreads out into 

 several widely-spreading branches. The bark is usually 

 brownish in color, coarse, and roughly fissured. 



The leaves are compound, that is, they are composed of 

 from ii to 17 leaflets all attached to a common, hairy leaf- 

 stalk. Each leaflet is more or less broadly lance-shaped and 

 has an inequilateral base, which is attached directly to the 

 common leaf-stalk, as the leaflets are themselves stalkless. 



In the butternut the flowers bloom when the leaves are 

 partly grown. They are in spike-like or catkin-like clusters. 

 Those which are found in spike-like clusters subsequently 

 develop into the fruits or " butternuts." The nut is oval- 

 pointed, 4-ribbed and irregularly sculptured, and the sticky 

 husk enclosing the nut is greenish and contains a violent yel- 

 low-green dye or stain. 



The tree grows best in rich soil, either along streams or 

 on low hillsides, and is found from Maine to Alabama and 

 westward. It is common along the top of the Palisades and 

 northward throughout the Hudson Valley, uncommon on 

 Staten Island. It is of considerable economic importance 

 for the wood is used in cabinet-making, the inner bark has 



