(no) 



3 of the trunk peels very readily and the curled up 

 edges of these peelings give a very characteristic appearance 

 to the whole tree. 



Unlike the cherry birch, the oval-shaped leaves of this 

 kind, are coarsely toothed and the larger teeth are themselves 

 more finely toothed. It can be distinguished from the river 

 birch by its stalkless catkins of flowers. In the latter sort 

 the catkins are always stalked. The sterile catkins are 

 usually found in clusters of from 2 to 4. The fertile, or 

 fruit-producing catkins are always solitary and usually fast- 

 ened to the twig at its juncture with a leaf-stalk. 



Agricultural implements, woodenware and furniture are 

 all made from the wood of this tree. It grows wild from 

 Newfoundland to North Carolina and westward, and is 

 found along the upper Hudson. 



Southern Yellow Birch Betula alleghanensis 



This is related to both the cherry and the yellow birch. It 

 is smaller than the latter and about the same size as the 

 former. The bark on the trunk is sometimes peeled and 

 sometimes merely fissured. It is usually of a reddish-yellow 



The fertile catkins of this birch are scarcely more than y 2 

 inch long and more or less oval or globose-oval in outline. 

 In the common yellow birch they are elliptic in outline and 

 longer than those of this tree. 



Lumbermen use the wood of this birch indiscriminately 

 with that of the yellow birch and for like purposes. It 

 grows in woodlands from Massachusetts to southern New 

 York and westward. Trees of this birch are known to grow 

 in the Highlands of the Hudson, and, when better known, 

 it will doubtless be found elsewhere. 



New York Alder Alnus noveboracensis 



Nearly all the alders are typically shrubs, but specimens 

 of this species are sometimes distinctly tree-like. So far as 

 known the tree grows only on Long Island and Staten 

 Island. 



