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and the butternut are both wild elsewhere in the Garden. 
The pecan-nut (Wzcorza pecan), wild in the south central United 
States, is another nut of popular favor, as is also the big shag- 
bark or king-nut, of the eastern United States. The water 
hickory, of the southeastern United States, and the bitter-nut 
or swamp hickory, of eastern North America, are both rep- 
resented, while the common shag-bark hickory and the pig- 
nut grow elsewhere in the grounds. 
The birch family is located on both sides of the driveway 
to the south and southwest of the stable, where birches, alders, 
and hornbeams are planted; the Japanese hornbeam is rep- 
resented by a single specimen along the road to the propa- 
gating houses; the American hornbeam is common in Bronx 
Park, and the hop-hornbeam is occasional. Those desiring to 
study the birches (Betuda) will find several species available ; 
one of these is the yellow birch, which grows wild in eastern 
North America, and is one of our most valuable timber trees ; 
the wood, on account of its closeness of grain, strength and 
hardness, is suitable for many purposes. Another is the 
paper, or canoe, birch, of frequent occurrence in northern 
North America; the wood of this is preferred to that of any 
other tree for the manufacture of spools, and is also used in 
the manufacture of shoe-lasts and pegs; the Indians also 
make use of its wood in the manufactures of sledges, and from 
its tough bark they also make canoes and baskets. The 
Japanese white birch, a close relative of the American 
and European white birches, is represented. The river or 
red birch may be seen here; it is frequent along streams and 
lakes in the eastern parts of the United States; its wood is 
used in the manufacture of furniture. The black, or sweet 
birch, and the poplar-leaved birch are wild elsewhere in the 
Garden. The alders are present in several species: the dye 
alder, of Japan which becomes a large tree; the Japanese 
alder, also of Japan; the speckled, or hoary, alder, of north 
temperate regions; and the European tree alder. 
The area devoted to the beech family lies to the westward 
of that assigned to the walnut and birch families, and on both 
