(155) 
Bristles numerous, not enlarged at base. I - Orthopappus. 
Bristles 5, dilated at base 4, Elephantopus. 
soe -bristles dissimilar, two lateral ones ieneen a conduplicate near 
5. Pseudelephantopus. 
apex 
cea cites ; style-branches short ; involucral ae 2-5 
Involucral scales 2; pappus a persistent toothed crown. 
. Rolandra. 
Involucral scales 5; pappus of deciduous spat ae 
Spiracantha. 
1. STRUCHIUM P. Browne, in St. Hilaire, Expos. 1: 406. 1805 
Heads many-flowered, single or clustered in the axils of the 
lowly lobed or entire cartilaginous crown. erbaceous, erect, 
simple or sparingly branched, internodes short, leaves petiolate, 
pinnately veine 
A monotypic genus of tropical America, introduced into Africa. 
STRUCHIUM SPARGANOPHORUM (L.) Kuntze, Rev. 1: 366. 1891 
Ethulia sparganophora L. Sp. Pl. ed 2. 1171. 1763. 
Sparganophorus Vaillantid Crantz, Inst. 1: 261. 1766. 
Struchium herbaceum P. Browne, in St. Hilaire, Expos. 1: 406. 
1805. 
Struchium amertcanum Poir. oe : 475. 1806. 
Characters of the genus. Erect, 2-10 dm. high; stem puberu- 
lent or glabrate; leaves thin, ee to lanceolate, scoainate: 
serrate, glabrous or nearly so, 5-12 cm. long; petioles slender, 1-2 
cm. long; heads sessile, 6-9 mm. in diameter, about 50-flowered; 
involucral scales acuminate, scarious on the margins; achenes ob- 
long, quadrangular, ribbed at the angles, the crown nearly white, 
half the length of the achene. 
Type locality: ‘+ Habitat in India.” 
Distribution: Cuba and southern Mexico south to Brazil, in wet 
places and along streams. 
The name Struchium was not validly published until 1805, 
although in 1756 it was used for the plant by Patrick Browne,* 
without the publication of a binomial name. The same objection 
applies to Adanson’s Athenaea.t{ The type of Sparganophorust 
*Civ. & Nat. Hist. Jam. 312, £2. 34. f. 72. 
tFam.2: 121. 1763. 
+Crantz, Inst. 1: 261. 1766. 
