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a. Heads 1-3 cm. distant, at least at maturity ; Nas not excessively hir- 
ute with long hairs ben 
1. Leaves of an ovate or ce type, exceeding 1 cm. in width. ARBO- 
RESCENTES 
Leaves whitened or sericeous beneath. 
eaves hirsute beneath, with silvery or sericeous hairs 
Pappus brown. 8. V. pirlostacya. 
Pappus white. 9. Viv 
Leaves tomentose beneath. 
Leaves flat. to. V. sublanata. 
eaves deeply rugose or bullate. 11. V. gnaphalitfolia. 
L 
Leaves not whitened or sericeous beneath. 
Outer scales subulate-tipped, with a prominent carinate midnerve. 
Leaves narrowed at base, pubescent beneath 
12. V. tcosantha. 
Leaves obtuse or rounded at base, strigose beneath, 
13. V. ventosa. 
Outer aise lanceolate, acuminate, without a carinate nerve. 
acute or acuminate 
nee 4 cm. long or more. 
Pappus tawny. 14. V. boringuensis. 
Pappus white. 15. V. arborescens. 
Le cm. long or less. 16. V. crassinervia. 
Leaves obtuse, elliptic. 17. V. membranacea. 
2. Leaves of a linear or linear-lanceolate type, less than 1cm. wide. ARARI- 
PENSES, 
Leaves lanceolate, 3-5 mm. wide. 18. V. araripensis. 
Leaves linear, 2 mm. wide. 19. V. stenophylla. 
&. Heads densely crowded ; leaves deeply — aaa hirsute with long 
hairs benea PERMOLLE 
Involucral scales pubescent below, slabrods at em 
20. V. permollis.” 
Involucral scales pubescent throughout. 21. V. intonsa 
tt Inner nee obtuse or rounded. DIVARICATAE. 
Leaves attenuate at the base. 
Pa 
pus rufescent ; nee § II- . flowered. 29. V. divaricata. 
Pappus white ; heads 18-flowered. 30. V. albscoma. 
Leaves rounded or obtuse at ee 31. V. expansa. 
tt Cymes shortened, bearing 1-7 heads subtended by bracts approximating 
the foliage leaves in size and shape. LONGIFOLIAE. 
Leaves lanceolate, acuminate. 32. V. longifolia. 
ac oblong or oval, acute to emarginate. 
aves not more than twice as long as wide. 33. V. albicaulis. 
canta three times as long as wide. 34. V. Sintentsit. 
*** Involucre 7-10 mm. high, its scales all eae, a and regularly 
imbricated in numerous serie 
