( 202 ) 
achenes 2.5 mm. long, sharply ribbed when mature, glandular in 
the oe pappus nearly white, 4-5 mm. long, the outer series 
indistin 
Type iscalieye : *¢San Blas and Tepic.’ 
Distribution: Oaxaca, Swth 290; Puebla, Pringle 6246; Ori- 
zaba, Bourgeau 3339. 
VII. Lepmwartoa, Paniculatae verae 
Branches of the panicle irregularly branched, the internodes 
uneven in length; uppermost heads generally sessile or short-pe- 
duncled, the lower heads on more elongated peduncles, frequently 
surpassing the upper, the whole forming a crowded or lax, irregu- 
larly hemispheric or depressed panicle. Herbaceous, except in the 
first species-group. 
By far the greater number of the North American paniculate 
species of Lefidaploa belong to this subsection, which extends 
from Central America through Mexico and the eastern United 
States. One species has also crossed into the Bahamas. A num- 
ber of well-marked species-groups may be recognized, each char- 
acterized by certain morphological structures and by a definite 
geographical distribution. In the following account the species will 
be taken up by groups in order of their distribution, the Mexican 
first, then those of the southwestern United States, and lastly those 
of the Atlantic coast. 
(i) Species-group Alamanianae 
Heads large, many-flowered; involucral scales oblong, with par- 
allel sides, mucronate or aristate, the outer reflexed or spreading. 
Two species of the mountains of lower Mexico. 
65. VERNONIA ALAMANI DC, Prodr. 5: 61. 1836 
rect shrub, 1-2 m. high; leaves firm, dull-green, elliptic or 
elliptic-oblong, 9-14 cm. long, 3-7 cm. wide, broadest at the 
middle and tapering regularly to both ends, finely setrulate or sub- 
entire, puberulent or glabrate beneath; venation not prominently 
reticulate; involucre 15 mm. high, its scales triangularly acute or 
subrotund at the apex, with an awn 2 mm. long. 
Type locality: Mexico. 
Distribution: Morelos, Mexico, Oaxaca and Guanajuato, at alti- 
tudes of 1,800 to 2,200 meters. 
